Title Fenilketonurija i trudnoća
Title (english) Phenylketonuria and pregnancy
Author Jelena Benčić
Mentor Danijela Petković Ramadža (mentor)
Committee member Ivo Barić (predsjednik povjerenstva)
Committee member Dinka Pavičić Baldani (član povjerenstva)
Committee member Danijela Petković Ramadža (član povjerenstva)
Granter University of Zagreb School of Medicine (Department of Pediatrics) Zagreb
Defense date and country 2023-07-13, Croatia
Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE Clinical Medical Sciences Pediatrics
Abstract UVOD: Fenilketonurija je rijetka, nasljedna bolest koja nastaje zbog manjka enzima fenilalanin-hidroksilaze i toksičnog nakupljanja aminokiseline fenilalanina. Visoke koncentracije fenilalanina djeluju štetno na mozak pa neliječene osobe imaju teško mentalno zaostajanje i druge neurološke probleme. Zahvaljujući novorođenačkom probiru omogućeno je rano prepoznavanje fenilketonurije. Pridržavanje niskoproteinske dijete temelj je liječenja kojim se održava koncentracija fenilalanina unutar željenih vrijednosti čime se izbjegavaju štetni učinci. Visoke koncentracije fenilalanina u trudnoći imaju teratogeni učinak na plod pa je u tom razdoblju osobito važno provoditi strogu dijetu kako bi se spriječio razvoj sindroma maternalne fenilketonurije u djeteta.
CILJ: Cilj je opisati dijetu, biokemijske pokazatelje, ishod i vlastita iskustva tijekom trudnoće žena s fenilketonurijom.
METODE: Retrospektivno istraživanje je uključilo 13 trudnica, s ukupno 16 trudnoća, koje su se pratile od 2017. do 2022. godine u Zavodu za medicinsku genetiku i bolesti metabolizma Klinike za pedijatriju Kliničkog bolničkog centra Zagreb. Podaci su prikupljeni iz bolničkog i laboratorijskog informacijskog sustava za svih 16 trudnoća. Ispitanicama je poslana anonimna anketa na koju je odgovorilo njih 12.
REZULTATI: Prosječna dob trudnica je bila 30 godina (22 – 38 godina). Trudnoća je bila planirana u 14 slučajeva. Sve trudnice su se pridržavale stroge dijete tijekom svih 16 trudnoća, a koncentracije fenilalanina su u svih bile unutar sigurnog raspona. Dvije trudnoće završile su ranim spontanim pobačajem, jedna ispitanica je aktualno trudna, a iz preostalih je rođeno 13 zdrave novorođenčadi. Sva novorođenčad je bila urednih antropometrijskih mjera po porodu i do prikupljanja ovih podataka urednog psihomotoričkog razvoja. Ispitanice su kao najveći izazov u trudnoći izdvojile želju za hranom koju nisu smjele uzimati (osam ispitanica), a kao najveći razlog za zabrinutost strah od rizika za sindrom maternalne fenilketonurije (devet ispitanica). Sve ispitanice navode obitelj kao najvažniju podršku tijekom trudnoće.
ZAKLJUČAK: Djevojke i žene s fenilketonurijom uz planiranu i dobro kontroliranu trudnoću mogu imati dobar ishod trudnoće i zdravo potomstvo.
Abstract (english) BACKGROUND: Phenylketonuria is a rare, inherited disease caused by phenylalanine hydroxylase deficiency resulting in toxic accumulation of phenylalanine. This leads to severe mental retardation and other neurological problems in untreated individuals. Newborn screening enables early detection and treatment of phenylketonuria. A low-protein diet is a cornerstone of treatment, enabling the maintenance of phenylalanine levels within a desired range and preventing harmful effects. During pregnancy, high phenylalanine concentrations have teratogenic effects on the fetus. Therefore, a strict and controlled diet is needed to prevent maternal phenylketonuria syndrome in the fetus.
AIM: The aim was to describe the diet, biochemical markers, outcomes and personal experiences during pregnancy in women with phenylketonuria.
METHODS: This retrospective study included 13 pregnant women, with a total of 16 pregnancies, who were followed from 2017 to 2022 at the Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Centre Zagreb. Data were collected from the hospital and laboratory information system for all 16 pregnancies. An anonymous questionnaire was sent to the participants and 12 of them responded.
RESULTS: The average age of the pregnant women was 30 years (22 – 38 years). Pregnancy was planned in 14 cases. All pregnant women adhered to a strict diet during all 16 pregnancies, and the phenylalanine concentrations remained within the safe range for all of them. Two pregnancies resulted in early spontaneous misccariage, one woman is currently pregnant, and 13 healthy newborns were born from the remaining pregnancies. All newborns had normal anthropometric measurements at birth, and until now, their psychomotor development is normal. The biggest challenge for women during pregnancy was craving for food that was not allowed (eight participants), and the greatest concern was the fear of the risk of maternal phenylketonuria syndrome (nine participants). The biggest support during pregnancy was family for all pariticipants.
CONCLUSION: Women with phenylketonuria, with planned and well-controlled pregnancies, can have favorable pregnancy outcomes and healthy offspring.
Keywords
dijeta
fenilalanin
fenilketonurija
maternalna fenilketonurija
trudnoća
Keywords (english)
Diet
Maternal Phenylketonuria
Phenylalanine
Phenylketonuria
Pregnancy
Language croatian
URN:NBN urn:nbn:hr:105:704978
Study programme Title: Medicine Study programme type: university Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate Academic / professional title: doktor/doktorica medicine (doktor/doktorica medicine)
Type of resource Text
File origin Born digital
Access conditions Open access
Terms of use
Created on 2023-10-23 08:53:22