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master's thesis
Modaliteti liječenja hemodijalizom kod akutnog bubrežnog zatajenja
Zagreb: University of Zagreb, School of Medicine, 2023. urn:nbn:hr:105:825363
Borojević, Barbara
University of Zagreb
School of Medicine
Department of Internal Medicine

Institutional repository: Dr Med - University of Zagreb School of Medicine Digital Repository

Cite this document

Borojević, B. (2023). Modaliteti liječenja hemodijalizom kod akutnog bubrežnog zatajenja (Master's thesis). Zagreb: University of Zagreb, School of Medicine. Retrieved from https://urn.nsk.hr/urn:nbn:hr:105:825363

Borojević, Barbara. "Modaliteti liječenja hemodijalizom kod akutnog bubrežnog zatajenja." Master's thesis, University of Zagreb, School of Medicine, 2023. https://urn.nsk.hr/urn:nbn:hr:105:825363

Borojević, Barbara. "Modaliteti liječenja hemodijalizom kod akutnog bubrežnog zatajenja." Master's thesis, University of Zagreb, School of Medicine, 2023. https://urn.nsk.hr/urn:nbn:hr:105:825363

Borojević, B. (2023). 'Modaliteti liječenja hemodijalizom kod akutnog bubrežnog zatajenja', Master's thesis, University of Zagreb, School of Medicine, accessed 27 February 2025, https://urn.nsk.hr/urn:nbn:hr:105:825363

Borojević B. Modaliteti liječenja hemodijalizom kod akutnog bubrežnog zatajenja [Master's thesis]. Zagreb: University of Zagreb, School of Medicine; 2023 [cited 2025 February 27] Available at: https://urn.nsk.hr/urn:nbn:hr:105:825363

B. Borojević, "Modaliteti liječenja hemodijalizom kod akutnog bubrežnog zatajenja", Master's thesis, University of Zagreb, School of Medicine, Zagreb, 2023. Available at: https://urn.nsk.hr/urn:nbn:hr:105:825363

Metadata
TitleModaliteti liječenja hemodijalizom kod akutnog bubrežnog zatajenja
Title (english)Hemodialysis modalities in acute kidney injury
AuthorBarbara Borojević
MentorTonko Gulin (mentor)
Committee memberSandra Karanović Štambuk (predsjednik povjerenstva)
Committee memberIvana Vuković Brinar (član povjerenstva)
Committee memberTonko Gulin (član povjerenstva)
GranterUniversity of Zagreb
School of Medicine
(Department of Internal Medicine)
Zagreb
Defense date and country2023-07-13, Croatia
Scientific / art field,
discipline and subdiscipline		BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE
Clinical Medical Sciences
Internal Medicine
Abstract
Bubreg je ključni organ u održavanju homeostaze vode i elektrolita u tijelu te izlučivanju razgradnih produkata (urea, kreatinin) iz organizma. Naglo slabljenje ili gubitak bubrežne funkcije dovodi do nastanka akutnog bubrežnog zatajenja (ABZ). Uzroci ABZ-a mogu biti prerenalni (smanjena perfuzija bubrega), renalni (oštećenje unutar bubrega) ili postrenalni (opstrukcija). Glavni parametri za postavljanje dijagnoze i određivanje stadija ABZ-a su promjene u koncentraciji serumskog kreatinina i volumena diureze. Ako se konzervativnim metodama liječenja ne postigne oporavak bubrežne funkcije, potrebno je, na temelju individualne procjene bolesnika, započeti bubrežnu nadomjesnu terapiju (BNT). BNT uključuje peritonealnu dijalizu, hemodijalizu, hemofiltraciju i transplantaciju bubrega. Hemodijaliza se može primjeniti u raznim modalitetima, kao intermitentna hemodijaliza (IHD) ili kontinuirana bubrežna nadomjesna terapija (KBNT). IHD se primjenjuje u hemodinamski stabilnih pacijenata s potrebom za brzo uklanjanje toksičnih tvari, dok se KBNT koristi u hemodinamski nestabilnih pacijenata s potrebama za većim uklanjanjem tekućine i otopljenih tvari. Stopa mortaliteta je visoka u ABZ-u, pogotovo kod bolesnika koji zahtijevaju neki oblik BNT-a i zbrinjavanje u jedinicama intenzivne skrbi. Visoki mortalitet je uzrokovan većinom samom težinom bolesti (sepsa, multiorgansko zatajenje), no postoji i niz komplikacija hemodijalize koje mogu nepovoljno djelovati na bolesnikovo stanje. Komplikacije koje se mogu javiti uključuju hipotenziju, hemoragiju, infekciju, sindrom disekvilibrija, reakciju na dijalizator te disbalans elektrolita i acidobazne ravnoteže.
Abstract (english)
The kidney is a key organ in maintaining water and electrolytes homeostasis in the body and excreting waste products (urea, creatinine). A sudden decrease or loss of kidney function leads to acute kidney failure (AKF). The causes of AKF can be pre-renal (reduced kidney perfusion), renal (damage inside the kidney) or post-renal (obstruction). The main criterias for diagnosing and determining the stage of AKF are changes in serum creatinine concentration and urine output. If treatment with conservative methods does not lead to recovery of kidney function, it might be necessary, based on the individual assessment of the patient, to start renal replacement therapy (RRT). RRT includes peritoneal dialysis, hemodialysis, hemofiltration and kidney transplantation. Hemodialysis can be applied in various modalities, such as intermittent hemodialysis (IHD) or continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT). IHD is used in hemodynamically stable patients with a need for rapid removal of toxic substances, while CCRT is used in hemodynamically unstable patients with a need for greater removal of fluid and solutes. The mortality rate is high in AKF, especially in patients who require some form of RRT and treatment in intensive care unit. High mortality is mostly caused by the severity of the illness (sepsis, multiorgan failure), but there are also several hemodialysis complications that can have an adverse effect on the patient's condition. Complications that may occur include hypotension, hemorrhage, infection, disequilibrium syndrome, dialyzer reaction, electrolytes and acid-base imbalance.
Keywords
Keywords (english)
Languagecroatian
URN:NBNurn:nbn:hr:105:825363
Study programmeTitle: Medicine
Study programme type: university
Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate
Academic / professional title: doktor/doktorica medicine (doktor/doktorica medicine)
Type of resourceText
File originBorn digital
Access conditionsOpen access
Terms of useLicence In copyright icon
Created on2023-10-23 10:54:40