Title Frakture orbite
Title (english) Orbital fractures
Author Branimir Bradarić-Šlujo
Mentor Marko Velimir Grgić (mentor)
Committee member Jakov Ajduk (predsjednik povjerenstva)
Committee member Mihael Ries (član povjerenstva)
Committee member Marko Velimir Grgić (član povjerenstva)
Granter University of Zagreb School of Medicine (Department of Othorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery) Zagreb
Defense date and country 2023-07-13, Croatia
Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE Clinical Medical Sciences Otorhinolaryngology
Abstract Ovaj diplomski rad sadrži pregled anatomije orbite, patofiziologije, epidemiologije, kliničke slike, dijagnostike i liječenja fraktura orbite. Frakture orbite česte su ozljede maksilofacijalne regije. Najčešće se događaju mlađim muškarcima, te su najčešće izazvane fizičkim napadom, prometnom nesrećom ili ozljedom prilikom bavljenja sportom. Postoje dvije teorije nastanka fraktura orbite: teorija savijanja i hidraulična teorija. Ovisno o zahvaćenosti zidova orbite i orbitalnih rubova,
... More razlikujemo „čiste“ i „nečiste“ frakture orbite. Frakture orbite mogu biti izolirane a mogu se javiti i u sklopu složenijih fraktura, tipa nazoorbitoetmoidne frakture (NOE), frakture zigomatikomaksilarnog kompleksa (ZMC) ili Le Fort prijeloma. Najčešći znakovi koji upućuju na frakturu orbite su periorbitalni edem, ekhimoze i subkonjuktivalno krvarenje. Tijekom dijagnostike, najvažniji je CT nalaz, a osim njega važno je napraviti detaljan oftalmološki pregled jer ove frakture mogu ugroziti vid. Indikacije za operativno liječenje, kirurški pristupi na frakturu i odabir materijala za rekonstrukciju i danas su kontroverza. Kod indikacija za operativno liječenje razlikujemo pacijente koji zahtijevaju hitno liječenje, zatim unutar 48 sati, i one koji zahtijevaju liječenje unutar dva tjedna. Kao indikacije za hitnu operaciju navode se okulokardijalni refleks, rani enoftalmus ili hipoglobus, te uklještenje ekstraokularnih mišića. Orbiti se može pristupiti klasičnim ili endoskopskim pristupom. Najčešće korišteni klasični pristup je transkonjuktivalni. Prilikom operacije fraktura orbite, cilj je povratiti orbitalni volumen, kako bi izbjegli kasnije komplikacije kao što su enoftalmus i diplopija. Izbor materijala za rekonstrukciju je velik, a najčešće korišteni su titanijska mrežica i porozni polietilen. U današnje vrijeme sve se češće primjenjuje liječenje prilagođeno pacijentu, te se koristi preoperativno planiranje pomoću preoperativnih CT snimki, intraoperativna navigacija i izrada implantata specifičnih pacijentu. Less
Abstract (english) This thesis provides an overview of the anatomy of the orbit, pathophysiology, epidemiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment of orbital fractures. Orbital fractures are common injuries in the maxillofacial region. They most commonly occur in younger males and are frequently caused by physical assault, motor vehicle accidents, or sports-related injuries. There are two theories regarding the etiology of orbital fractures: the buckling theory and the hydraulic theory.
... More Depending on the involvement of the orbital walls and orbital rims, orbital fractures can be classified as "pure" or "impure." In addition to isolated fractures, orbital fractures can also occur in complex fractures such as naso-orbito-ethmoid (NOE) fractures, zygomaticomaxillary complex (ZMC) fractures, or Le Fort fractures. The most common signs indicating an orbital fracture include periorbital edema, ecchymosis, and subconjunctival hemorrhage. During the diagnostic process, the most important diagnostic tool is a CT scan, and a detailed ophthalmological examination is also essential since fractures can potentially affect vision. The indications for surgical treatment, surgical approaches to fractures, and the choice of materials for reconstruction remain controversial. The indications for urgent surgical treatment include oculocardiac reflex, early enophthalmos or hypoglobus, and entrapment of extraocular muscles. The orbit can be accessed using classical or endoscopic approaches. The most commonly used classical approach is the transconjunctival approach. During orbital fracture surgery, the goal is to restore orbital volume to prevent later complications such as enophthalmos and diplopia. There are various materials available for reconstruction, with titanium mesh and porous polyethylene being the most commonly used. In recent times, custom-made implants tailored to the patient's specific needs have been increasingly utilized, and preoperative planning using preoperative CT scans, intraoperative navigation, and patient-specific implant fabrication are being employed more frequently. Less
Keywords
orbitalne frakture
blowout frakture
CT
diplopija
Keywords (english)
orbital fracture
blowout fracture
CT
diplopia
Language croatian
URN:NBN urn:nbn:hr:105:139738
Study programme Title: Medicine Study programme type: university Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate Academic / professional title: doktor/doktorica medicine (doktor/doktorica medicine)
Type of resource Text
File origin Born digital
Access conditions Open access
Terms of use
Created on 2023-10-23 11:15:07