Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are a group of chronic diseases with relapsing-remitting course, with unclear etiology and inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract as a common feature. The most common clinical types of IBD are ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. In ulcerative colitis, the inflammation is usually limited to the mucosa of the descending colon, whereas Crohn's disease entails granulomatous transmural inflammation of the digestive tube from mouth to anus. Clinical features of ulcerative colitis encompass bloody-mucous diarrhoea, tenesmus and abdominal cramps accompanied by systemic symptoms, while Crohn's disease patients often present with watery diarrhoea, abdominal pain, malabsorption and systemic symptoms. Both diseases are diagnosed by endoscopic methods with biopsy. Treatment consists of administering glucocorticoids in the acute phases, 5 – aminosalcylates for ulcerative colitis, immunomodulation, biological therapy for maintaining remission in both entities. In case of complications or inadequate response to therapy surgical treatment methods are used. The most common indication for liver transplantation in these patients are complications of primay sclerosing cholangitis(PSC). PSC is a progressive cholestatic disease with bile duct inflammation, which progresses to liver cirrhosis and liver failure. Treatment involves liver transplantation, with the most common cause of death following the transplantation being infections.