Schizophrenia represents one of the most profound psychiatric disorders that greatly compromises the affected individual's overall quality of life. It profoundly impacts cognitive abilities while distorting the perception of reality and subjective experiences. Although a comprehensive understanding of the etiopathogenesis of schizophrenia remains elusive, a prevailing body of evidence indicates a strong association with chronic neuroinflammation, which disrupts the normal functioning of the nervous system and gives rise to psychotic symptoms. Therefore, the primary objective of this investigation was to ascertain whether discrepancies exist in the expression of NLRP1 inflammasome in post-mortem brain specimens obtained from individuals afflicted with schizophrenia, as compared to neurologically healthy controls. Through immunohistochemical staining of the NLRP1 protein, postmortem samples of the orbitofrontal region of the frontal lobe from seven schizophrenia patients (SCH) and five individuals serving as normal controls (HC) were meticulously analysed. Subsequently, the signals within the pyramidal neurons were manually enumerated on the stained preparations and their number was divided by the area of the analysed region, yielding the signal density. By comparing the density measurements, it was established that NLRP1 expression levels were significantly elevated in the samples from individuals with schizophrenia in contrast to those from the healthy control group. This observation provides further support for the involvement of inflammation as a crucial process in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia, thereby implicating the NLRP1 inflammasome as a potential mediator. Consequently, this finding warrants further investigation into the distinct role played by this protein complex in the inflammatory pathogenesis of schizophrenia.