Colorectal carcinoma or colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common and the second deadliest cancer in the world. In the Republic of Croatia, CRC is the second most common cancer in women, and the third most common in men. Annually in Croatia, there are about 3,400 newly diagnosed patients and 2,100 deaths, which makes CRC the deadliest malignant disease in Croatia after lung cancer. The frequency is higher in developed countries. Secondary prevention of CRC consists of measures aimed at reducing the serious consequences of this disease. Part of secondary prevention is screening, i.e. early and timely detection of the disease. It is used with the aim of detecting people at an earlier stage, and sometimes at a stage before the onset of the disease. Detecting cancer at an early stage can reduce the severity of the disease and mortality. Screening tests must meet certain conditions such as simplicity and safety, sufficient sensitivity and specificity, cost-effectiveness, the possibility of further action in the event of a positive test, the existence of a precisely defined disease, the incidence must be known, the onset of the disease must be slow, it must be enabled equality of treatment and cut-off for healthy and sick people must be known. Today, various tests are used for CRC screening. There are stool tests, endoscopic procedures, radiological imaging and blood marker tests. Each test has its own number of advantages and disadvantages. For screening, it is important to choose not only the best test with the highest sensitivity and specificity, but the one for which the largest part of the population is willing to adhere to, test must have acceptable other characteristics as well.