The aorta is the largest blood vessel in the human body, responsible for supplying blood for the systemic circulation and enabling the blood supply to the organs via its branches. Aortic diseases are of major global concern since the history of humankind, though, their significance is even more pronounced nowadays in developed countries, due to the additive and synergistic effects of natural physiologic factors combined with various risk factors that emerged with the transition to the current sedentary western lifestyle (smoking, western diet, less physical activity, etc.) worldwide. The nature of the aging process together with those behaviors might, in turn, cause significant pathologic changes in the aortic anatomy and histology, facilitating the development of various pathological processes, which emphasizes the need for research in the field of the aorta and aortic branches reconstruction. The pathophysiological processes causing aortic disease can be interrupted or decelerated via the use of medical treatment modalities and lifestyle changes, though, research and practical experience in the field teach us that, past a certain point, surgical or endovascular reconstruction of the aorta will warrant better results in managing such patients. Aorta and its branches can be reconstructed surgically via the established open surgical approach, or via the relatively modern endovascular and hybrid approaches. The open surgical approach allows for excellent durability and a large field of view compared to the endovascular approach which has the advantages of decreased trauma, faster recovery with lower early complication rate, and shorter postoperative hospital stay.