| Abstract (english) | Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine condition affecting women of reproductive age. There are many typical signs and symptoms that allow for the diagnosis of PCOS depending on the criteria used. Interestingly, ethnicity influences the extent of these signs and symptoms; therefore, the frequency of symptoms varies between different countries and ethnic groups. The prevalence of this syndrome in Croatia is unknown, and it's clinical and biochemical characteristics have not yet been reported. During this study, we used the Rotterdam criteria to evaluate 365 Croatian women with PCOS, and compared them to 304 age matched controls to assess the clinical and biochemical abnormalities that occur in PCOS patients. The mean age of PCOS patients at presentation was 26.1 +/- 5.9 years and of controls were 28.0 +/- 4.2 years. Women with PCOS has significantly higher body mass index (BMI) than the control group, although in both groups most patients had normal weight (76.2% vs. 87.8%). Abdominal distribution of fat tissue was similar in both groups. Menstrual cycle abnormalities were observed in 90.7% of PCOS patients, and ultrasonographic appearance of polycystic ovaries was reported in 97.3% of PCOS cases. Nearly 75% of patients with PCOS had hirsutism and 49.6% had acne. We recorded significantly higher serum levels of luteinizing hormone (LH), total testosterone (TT), free testosterone (fT) and insulin, while the serum levels of sex hormone binding globuline (SHBG) and follicular stimulating hormone (FSH) were significantly lower than in the control group. Serum glucose values were not significantly different between the groups. In conclusion, chronic anovulation, hirsutism and ultrasound appearance of polycystic ovaries are the dominant features of PCOS in Croatian population. The majority of patients with PCOS had normal body weight. The incidence of insulin resistance in this group of patients is less than the previously described frequency in other populations of patients with PCOS and normal weight. |
| Abstract (croatian) | indrom policističnih jajnika (PCOS) jedan je od najčešćih endokrinoloških poremećaja žena reprodukcijske dobi.
Prezentira se, ovisno o kriterijima koji se koriste za postavljanje dijagnoze, s mnoštvom tipičnih znakova i simptoma.
Pojavnost različitih znakova i simptoma razlikuje se među pojedinim etničkim skupinama. Prevalencija ovog sindroma
u Hrvatskoj populaciji nije poznata, a njegove kliničke i biokemijske karakteristike do sada nisu istražene. U studiju
smo uključili 365 žena s PCOS i usporedili ih s 304 zdrave žene koje su služile kao kontrole. Dijagnozu smo postavili na
temelju Rotterdamskog konsezusa. Prosječna dob žena s PCOS iznosila je 26,1±5,9 godinu, a u kontrolnoj skupini
28,0±4,2 godinu. Žene s PCOS imale su značajno viši indeks tjelesne mase (ITM) u odnosu na kontrolnu skupinu, iako
je većina žena uključenih u studiju imala normalnu tjelesnu težinu (76,2% naspram 87,8%). Učestalost abdominalne
debljine bila je jednaka u obje ispitivane skupine. Abnormalnosti menstruacijskog ciklusa nađene su u 90,7% bolesnica
s PCOS, a tipičan ultrazvučni nalaz policističnih jajnika u 97,3% slučajeva s PCOS. Gotovo 75% žena s PCOS imalo je
hirzutizam, a 49,6% njih akne. Kod žena s PCOS nađene su značajno više vrijednosti luteinizirajućeg hormona (LH),
ukupnog testosterone, slobodnog testosterone i inzulina, te snižene vrijednosti hormona koji veže spolne hormone (SHBG) i
folikulostimulirajućeg hormona (FSH) u odnosu na kontrolnu skupinu. Vrijednosti glukoze, određene na tašte, nisu se
značajno razlikovale među ispitivanim skupinama. Zaključno, kronična anovulacija, hirzutizam i ultrazvučni nalaz
policističnih jajnika najčešće su značajke PCOS u Hrvatskoj populaciji. Većina žena s PCOS normalne je tjelesne težine.
Učestalost inzulinske rezistencije u žena s PCOS i normalnom tjelesnom težinom u Hrvatskoj populaciji značajno je
manja u odnosu na druge etničke skupine. |
