Eradication of infection Helicobacter pylori is the first step in curing diseases connected to the infection. The usual combinations of two antibiotics and one drug which supresses the gastric acid secretion (Proton-pump inhibitors - PPI) are used in treatment protocols. Combinations of drugs are divided into first-line drugs, second-line drugs and third-line drugs, taking into account that the choice of drugs in third-line is based on sensibility testing to the antibiotic of isolated strain H.pylori. Increased usage of antibiotics has resulted in greater resistance of the bacteria and finally to failure in treatment. The rise is most evident in increased resistance to clarithromycin, and recent studies show data of increased resistance also to levofloxacin, drugs of first, i.e., second-line of treatment. Considering that the bacteria itself has an extremely high resistance to environmental factors, the choice of antibiotics which could potentially be considered as drugs for eradication is significantly narrowed. H.pylori is a bacteria which is predominant in underdeveloped countries where there is no efficient control system regarding the increase of resistance. Because of that, and because of the wide usage of antibiotics in general, there is a challenge which places eradication of the infection in the already infected patients on one side, and the ever growing resistance which leads to failure of the treatment of the infection on the other side.