| Abstract | Držanje tijela ili postura je položaj koji zauzimamo u prostoru, ono može biti pravilno ili
nepravilno. U današnje vrijeme s obzirom na to da ljudi veliki broj vremena provode za
računalom, televizijom ili na mobitelu te pri tome zauzimaju loša i nepravilna držanja,
dolazi do raznih poremećaja najčešće u predjelu kralježnice. Najčešća loša držanja u
predjelu kralježnice su: skolioza, te pretjerana lordoza i kifoza.
Bol u leđima je značajan javnozdravstveni problem radi velike zastupljenosti te je
najčešći uzrok bolovanja kod radno aktivne populacije. Medicinske sestre pri
svakodnevnoj njezi bolesnika rade težak fizički posao zbog opterećenja leđa, loših
ergonomskih uvjeta dolazi do nepravilnih držanja, a posljedično tome dolazi do
opterećenja i oštećenja leđa što za posljedicu ima sindrom bolnih leđa. Zbog toga
medicinske sestre koriste 30% više bolovanja od drugih zanimanja, dok je ukupno
prevalencija sindroma bolnih leđa u rasponu oko 55%. Dodatni problem u sestrinstvu
su mali broj zdravstvenih djelatnika, veliki broj pacijenata, ergonomski neprilagođen
prostor u kojem medicinske sestre rade, te stresno okruženje.To sve značajno utječe
na nastanak sindroma bolnih leđa. Kako bi se smanjio taj broj, važne su mjere
prevencije koje uključuju: povećanje kadra medicinskih sestara, edukacija sestara,
prilagodba prostora, smanjenje stresa, fizička aktivnost. Prognoza sindroma boli u
leđima je najčešće dobra i ne zahtijeva operativno liječenje. Terapija se sastoji od
mirovanja, medikamentozne terapije i fizikalne terapije, ali sindrom boli uslijed velikih
opterećenja i ozljeda može izazvati trajnu invalidnost. |
| Abstract (english) | Body posture or posture is the position we take in space, it can be normal or abnormal.
Nowadays, considering that people spend a large amount of time in front of the
computer, television or on the mobile phone and at the same time adopt bad and
irregular postures, various disorders occur, most often in the area of the spine. The
most common bad postures in the spine area are: scoliosis and excessive lordosis and
kyphosis.
Back pain is a significant public health problem due to its high prevalence and is the
most common cause of sick leave among the working population. Nurses do hard
physical work during the daily care of patients due to back strain, poor ergonomic
conditions lead to incorrect postures, and as a result, back strain and damage occur,
resulting in back pain syndrome. Because of this, nurses use 30% more sick leave
than other professions, while the overall prevalence of back pain syndrome is in the
range of around 55%. An additional problem in nursing is the small number of health
professionals, a large number of patients, the ergonomically unsuitable space in which
nurses work, and a stressful environment. All of this significantly affects the occurrence
of back pain syndrome. In order to reduce this number, preventive measures are
important, which include: increasing the number of nurses, educating nurses, adjusting
the space, reducing stress, and physical activity. The prognosis of back pain syndrome
is usually good and does not require operative treatment. Therapy consists of rest,
drug therapy and physical therapy, but pain syndrome due to heavy loads and injuries
can cause permanent disability. |
