New onset diabetes mellitus after organ transplantation is a frequent and serious consequence of solid organ transplantation that negatively affects the function of the graft, survival and quality of patient's life. It is diagnosed based on the criteria for the diagnosis of type 2 diabetes, and the gold standard for diagnosis is OGTT. The development of NODAT is influenced by numerous risk factors that can be divided into two categories, modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors. After organ transplantation, it is necessary to control glycemia at set time intervals to establish the diagnosis of NODAT on time and to start therapy as soon as possible, thereby preventing or at least delaying the development of diabetes complications. The therapeutic approach includes a change in lifestyle and the use of pharmacological measures, namely metformin, sulfonylureas and glinides, thiazolidinediones, DPP-4 inhibitors, GLP-1 agonists, SGLT-2 inhibitors and insulin. Reducing the dose of immunosuppressive drugs or replacing them with other immunosuppressive drugs that have a less pronounced diabetogenic effect is a common approach in the prevention and treatment of NODAT, but caution is required due to the possibility of acute graft rejection, which is a significantly worse outcome for the patient than the development of NODAT. In addition to diabetes therapy, it is necessary to act on other comorbidities, such as hypertension and dyslipidemia, which increase the risk of unwanted cardiovascular events and increase patient mortality. Patients with NODAT can develop common complications of diabetes, diabetic nephropathy, neuropathy, ophthalmopathy and peripheral vascular disease, so regular check-ups and adequate therapy are essential to preserve the quality of life and improve the prognosis.