Thoracic Endovascular Aortic Repair (TEVAR) is a minimally invasive procedure primarily used for the treatment of thoracic and thoracoabdominal aneurysms, acute aortic syndrome, chronic dissection, and traumatic aortic injuries. Although TEVAR offers numerous advantages over open surgical repair due to its minimally invasive nature, it can cause various complications, including hematomas and pseudoaneurysms at the access site, endoleaks, graft infections or migrations, neurological complications such as spinal cord ischemia or stroke, and ischemic problems. Additionally, retrograde dissection, intestinal ischemia, kidney damage, and the formation of fistulas between the aorta and the gastrointestinal or pulmonary systems can occur. Preventing these complications is crucial for the successful outcome of TEVAR. This involves a thorough preoperative evaluation of the patient and careful planning of each procedure through detailed analysis of diagnostic images. It is necessary to assess the anatomical morphology of each patient to select the appropriate endograft and reduce procedural risks. In addition to detailed assessment, precise and careful execution of the endovascular procedure is essential, as well as long-term monitoring of the patient to detect and prevent complications in a timely manner. Surgical treatment of complications following TEVAR is often necessary when endovascular reinterventions are unsuccessful or not feasible. Hematomas and pseudoaneurysms that occur after percutaneous endovascular access are most commonly treated surgically. Other complications requiring surgical intervention include endoleaks, retrograde dissections, graft infections, and ischemic complications. Surgical methods usually involve the explantation of a stent graft and open repair of the aorta, during which a synthetic prosthesis is placed.