Objectives: Genotyping of the CYP3A5 A6986G polymorphism, determination of the frequency of the specified polymorphism in the group of renal transplant recipients and comparison of the frequency of genotypes and alleles of the CYP3A5 A6986G polymorphism between the kidney transplant recipients in different populations. Patients and Methods: Group of participants consists of 30 kidney transplant recipients of both sexes (14 females, 16 males). Blood samples were collected during their regular control at the Institute of Nephrology at Clinical Hospital Centre Osijek. Genomic DNA was isolated from full peripheral blood with anticoagulant EDTA. Before genotyping, genomic DNA samples were analysed spectrophotometrically for purposes of determining the concentration and purity checks of DNA sample. Genotyping of the CYP3A5 A6986G polymorphism was performed by real-time PCR method by high resolution melting analysis method. Results: In group of 30 kidney transplant recipients, 28 patients (93.3%) were homozygotes G/G, while 2 patients (6.7%) were heterozygotes A/G for the analysed polymorphism. In both groups of participants, both male and female, the most common genotype was G/G (93.75% or 92.86%). Conclusion: There are no statistically significant differences in the distribution of genotypes and alleles between groups of male and female participants. There is no significant difference between kidney transplant recipients from Eastern Croatia and kidney transplant recipients from Serbia, Poland and Netherland, while statistically significant difference is found between kidney transplant recipients from Eastern Croatia and kidney transplant recipients from India and China.