| Abstract | Cilj istraživanja: Cilj je istraživanja bio ispitati prehrambene navike u oboljelih od tipa 1
šećerne bolesti te utvrditi razliku između prehrambenim navikama u pacijenata koji primaju
inzulin putem inzulinske pumpe od onih koji su na intenziviranoj inzulinskoj terapiji. Sporedni
je cilj ovog istražvanja bio utvrditi postojanje razlike u glikemijskim parametrma između
ispitivanih skupina.
Ispitanici i metode: Istraživanje je provedeno je između siječnja i srpnja 2022. godine u
Regionalnom centru za dijabetes, endokrinologiju i bolesti metabolizma u sklopu Kliničkog
bolničkog centra (KBC) Split. Obuhvaća 40 punoljetnh ispitanika oboljelih od tipa 1 šećerne
bolesti, od kojih se 20 liječi putem inzulinske pumpe (IP), a ostalih 20 kao metodu liječenja
imaju intenziviranu inzulinsku terapiju (ITT). Obje skupine ispitanika razinu glikemije pratile
su putem FreeStyle Libre sustava. Informacije o pacijentima prikupljene su iz arhiva bolničkog
informacijskog sustava Klinike za unutarnje bolesti. Provjerom medicinske dokumentacije
zabilježeni su podaci o dobi, spolu te trajanju T1ŠB u ispitanika, dok su podaci o prehrani
dobiveni ispunjavanjem anketnog upitnika.
Rezultati: Ispitivane skupine nisu se značajno razlikovale u spolu, dobi, duljini trajanja bolesti
te indeksu tjelesne mase. Ispitanici na IIT-i imali su značajno više (p=0,015) razine vrijednosti
eA1C-a (7,15; IQR 6,60-7,95) u odnosu na skupinu s IP-om (6,45; IQR 6,25-69). Također,
razine AG bile su značajno više (p=0,012) u skupini s IIT-om (8,75; IQR 7,90-10,00) u
usporedbi s ispitanicima s IP-om (7,70; IQR 7,30-8,30). Skupine se nisu značajno razlikovale
u ostalim glikemijskim parametrima. Pronađena je statistička značajna razlika (p=0,033) u
broju hipoglikemijskih epizoda između skupine ispitanika na IIT (23; IQR 13-31,5) i skupine
na IP (40; IQR 23,50-59,00), dok nije bilo razlike u duljini trajanja hipoglikemijskih epizoda,
odnosno broja skeniranja sustava. Ispitivane skupine nisu se značajno razlikovale ni u jednoj
prehrambenoj navici. Jedina značajna razlika (p=0,031) pronađena je u dnevnoj konzumaciji
cigareta, gdje je skupina na IIT konzumirala više cigareta (IQR 0 – 7) u usporedbi s skupinom
na IP-i (IQR 0 – 0).
Zaključci: Oboljeli od tipa 1 šećerne bolesti imaju slične prehrambene navike bez obzira na
oblik primanja inzulina. Razine su se glikemijskih parametara eA1C-a i AG-a pokazale nižima
u skupini dijabetičara koja je inzulin primala putem pumpe u odnosu na one na intenziviranoj
inzulinskoj terapiji. Broj je hipoglikemijskih epizoda bio veći kod pacijenata na inzulinskoj
pumpi u odnosu na dijabetčare koji su bili na intenziviranoj inzulinskoj terapiji. |
| Abstract (english) | Objectives: The aim of the research was to examine the nutritional habits of patients with type
1 diabetes and to determine the difference between the eating habits of patients who receive
insulin via continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) and those who recieve multiple
daily injections therapy (MDI). The secondary goal of this research was to determine the
existence of differences in glycemic parameters between the examined groups.
Subjects and methods: The research was conducted between January and July 2022. at the
Regional Center for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases within the University
hospital of Split. It included 40 adult subjects suffering from type 1 diabetes mellitus, 20 of
whom are treated with an CSII and the other 20 are treated with MDI. Both groups of subjects
monitored their glycemic levels using the FreeStyle Libre system. Information about patients
was collected from the archives of the hospital information system of the Clinic for Internal
Diseases. Data including the age, gender and duration of diabetes in the subjects were recorded
by checking medical records, while nutritional data were obtained by filling out a
questionnaire.
Results: The studied groups did not differ significantly in gender, age, duration of the disease
and body mass indeks (BMI). Subjects on MDI had significantly higher (p=0.015) eA1C values
(7.15; IQR 6.60-7.95) compared to the CSII group (6.45; IQR 6.25- 69). Also, average glucose
levels (AG) were significantly higher (p=0.012) in the group on MDI (8.75; IQR 7.90-10.00)
compared to subjects on CSII (7.70; IQR 7.30- 8:30). The groups did not differ significantly in
other glycemic parameters. A statistically significant difference (p=0.033) was found in the
number of hypoglycemic episodes between the group on MDI therapy (23; IQR 13-31.5) and
the group on CSII (40; IQR 23.50-59.00), while there was no statistically significant difference
in duration of hypoglycemic episodes nor the number of system scans. The studied groups did
not differ significantly in any nutritional habits. The only significant difference (p=0.031) was
found in daily cigarette consumption, where the MDI group consumed more cigarettes (IQR 0
– 7) compared to the CSII group (IQR 0 – 0).
Conclusion: Patients with type 1 diabetes have similar eating habits regardless of the way they
receive insulin. The levels of the glycemic parameters eA1C and AG were found to be lower
in the group of patients who received insulin via CSII compared to those on MDI therapy. The
number of hypoglycemic episodes was higher in patients on an CSII compared to diabetics
who were on MDI |
