| Abstract | Cilj: Cilj ovog istraživanja je analizirati spermiograme ispitanika, te istražiti mogući utjecaj nekih štetnih čimbenika na kvalitetu i kvantitetu sjemena kod muškaraca koji su upućeni na obradu sjemena u Centar za medicinski pomognutu oplodnju, KBC-a Split od 30. ožujka do 30. lipnja 2016. godine.
Ispitanici i metode: U studiju su uključeni svi muškarci koji su dali sjeme na analizu u Centar za medicinski pomognutu oplodnju u navedenom razdoblju. Na temelju anamnestički dobivenih podataka, analizirane su demografske i opće karakteristike ispitanika te njihove životne navike. U drugom dijelu statističke obrade podataka, tražena je povezanost navedenih rizičnih čimbenika i životnih navika ispitanika sa parametrima spermiograma koristeći hi-kvadrat test (χ2), te Fisherov egzaktni test.
Rezultati: U ovom istraživanju je sudjelovalo 257 ispitanika, od čega je 158 neplodnih (61,5%) dok 99 ispitanika (38,5%) ima normalan nalaz spermiograma. Najčešći razlog dolaska je neplodnost (45,9%). Prosječna dob ispitanika je 32,3 godine. Prosječna težina iznosi 89,2 kg, prosječna visina je 184,3 cm i prosječni BMI 26,3 kg/m2. Pušača je 60,7%, a nepušača 39,3%. Fizičkom aktivnošću se bavi 50,2% ispitanika. 65,8% ispitanika konzumira kavu, dok alkohol konzumira 45,5%. Ispitanici niže školske spreme imaju manji ukupan broj spermija (P=0,005). Muškarci stariji >42 godine imaju manji ukupan broj (P=0,017) i koncentraciju (P=0,032) spermija. Muškarci izloženi jednom rizičnom faktoru na radnom mjestu imaju manji volumen sjemena (P=0,018). Ispitanici koji su apstinirali do jednog dana imaju statistički značajno manji volumen spermija (P=0,002). Muškarci koji konzumiraju ≥3 alkoholna pića/tjedan imaju statistički značajno veći ukupan broj (P=0,029) i koncentraciju spermija (P=0,031).
Zaključci: Ispitanici stariji od 42 godine i ispitanici nižeg stupnja obrazovanja imaju statistički značajno manji ukupan broj i koncentraciju spermija. Ispitanici izloženi jednom rizičnom faktoru na radnome mjestu i ispitanici koji su apstinirali <2 dana imaju statistički značajno manji volumen ejakulata. Ispitanici koji piju ≥3 alkoholna pića tjedno imaju statistički značajno veći ukupan broj i koncentraciju spermija. Nije pronađena povezanost ni sa jednim od navedenih parametara: BMI, učestalost tjelesne aktivnosti, pušenje, broj popušenih cigareta/dan, bolesti, lijekovi, prehrana, dodatci prehrani, tip donjeg rublja i broj kava/dan. |
| Abstract (english) | Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze spermiograms and subjects, and possible influence of adverse factors in quality and quantity of semen that was addressed to analyze at the Centre for medically assisted reproduction, KBC Split in the period between 30 of March 2016 and 30 of June 2016.
Design: Prospective study.
Patients and methods: Male subjects, which semen was proceeded to analysis in laboratory at the Centre for medically assisted reproduction in the period mentioned above, were included in this study. Based on anamnestically derived data, demographic and general characteristics and life habits of subjects were analysed. In the second part of statistical analysis of data, connection of these risk factors and lifestyle habits of the participants according to the parameters of spermiogram were sought using chi-square test (χ2) and Fischer`s Exact test.
Results: This study included 257 participants, of which 158 were infertile (61.5%), while 99 (38.5%) had normal results of spermiogram. The most common reason for visit to the Centre for medically assisted reproduction in this period was infertility (45.9%). The average age of participants was 32.3 years. The average age of respondents was 32.3 years. The average weight was 89.22 kg, height 184.33 cm and mean BMI 26.25 kg/m2. There was 60.7% smokers and 39.3% of non-smokers. 50.2% participants were engaged in physical activity. 65.8% participants drunk coffee and 45.5% consumed alcohol. Participants with lower level of school education had lower total sperm count (P=0.005). Men >42 years had smaller total number (P=0.017) and concentration (P=0.032) of sperm. Men exposed to one factor in the workplace had decreased semen volume (P=0.018). Participants who abstained to one day had significantly lower volume of sperm (P=0.002). Men who consumed ≥3 alcoholic drinks per week had a significantly higher total number (P=0.029) and sperm concentration (P=0.031).
Conclusion: Subjects older than 42 years and subjects with lower level of school education have significantly lower total sperm count and concentration. Subjects exposed to one risk factor in the workplace and subjects who abstained for less than 2 days have a significantly lower volume of ejaculate. Subjects who drink ≥3 alcoholic drinks a week have a significantly higher total number and concentration of sperm. There was no connection with any of these observed parameters: BMI, frequency of physical activity, smoking, number of cigarettes smoked per day, diseases, medications, diet, dietary supplements, type of underwear and the number of coffee per day. |
