Bioremediation is a process that uses microorganisms to degrade toxic compounds in the polluted environment. Microorganisms are able to survive in the most hostile environments and they can adapt quickly to the local environmental conditions. Over the years, During the evolution, microbes developed many enzymes that can break down various artificially created compounds, and thus provide themselves with the energy needed for life and growth. With the development of environmental technology and technological progress in general, we can use certain characteristics of microorganisms in bioremediation without harming the environment. To make the process fast and efficient, it is necessary to know the nature and characteristics of microorganisms, the chemical structure of contaminants, and the characteristics of the contaminated area. Bioremediation is usually regulated by abiotic and biotic factors such as nutrients, temperature, oxygen supply, and competition between microorganisms.