Spirulina is the commercial name for filamentous cyanobacteria from Arthrospira genus inhabiting subtropical and tropical areas. Species from the aforementioned genus have a rich history as some of the key components in the diet of people from those areas. Lately, a lot of research has been conducted regarding the positive effects of spirulina for both food and health purposes, which has led to an increase in interest in people from other parts of the world. In order to meet the demands of consumers it is necessary to provide sufficient amounts of spirulina with appropriate cultivation methods. Although spirulina provides certain benefits for human health, it is recommended not to exceed the permitted intake limit due to possible side effects. The aim of this paper is to collect and systematically show information on nutritional values and health benefits of species from genus Arthrospira.