Title Potencijal i sigurnost primjene CRISPR/Cas9 tehnologije u akvakulturi
Title (english) Potential and safety of the application of CRISPR/Cas9 technology in aquaculture
Author Nina Roglić
Mentor Željka Trumbić (mentor)
Committee member Vedran Poljak (predsjednik povjerenstva)
Committee member Željka Trumbić (član povjerenstva)
Committee member Jerko Hrabar (član povjerenstva)
Granter University of Split (University Department of Marine Studies) Split
Defense date and country 2023-09-27, Croatia
Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline BIOTECHNICAL SCIENCES Biotechnology
Abstract CRISPR/Cas9 je tehnologija genetičkog uređivanja (GE) koja se temelji na istoimenom sustavu
imunosne obrane protiv strane DNA koja se nalazi kod arheja i bakterija. CRISPR (engl.
clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats) predstavlja genetičke lokuse koji su
građeni od grupiranih pravilno razmaknutih kratkih ponavljajućih palindromskih sljedova
između kojih se nalaze tzv. razmaknice (engl. spacers) koje su ostaci genoma virusa ili
plazmida. Neposredno uz CRISPR lokus nalazi se Cas (engl. CRISPR-associated proteins)
operon koji kodira za različite enzime, nukleaze, i prilikom ponovnog susreta s
virusnom/plazmidnom DNA čije su sekvence sačuvane kao razmaknice, one služe za navođenje
nukleaza prema invadirajućoj DNA preko svoje RNA kopije. Ovo predstavlja najprecizniju
metodu genetičkog uređivanja do sada s velikim potencijalom primjene u biomedicini,
farmaceutskoj industriji, temeljnim istraživanjima, kao i agrikulturi, te akvakulturi.
Akvakultura predstavlja jedan od najbrže rastućih sektora proizvodnje hrane i smatra se da GE
tehnologija može pomoći u rješavanju problema kao što su otpornost na bolesti, sterilnost,
poboljšanje stope rasta, omega-3 metabolizam, međutim za preciznu primjenu ove tehnologije
potrebna su ulaganja u izradu kvalitetnih nacrta genoma vrsta, QTL studije, smanjenje
nespecifične stope GE uređivanja te F0 mozaicizam. Trenutno ne postoje specifični okviri i
smjernice za ocjenu rizika vezanog za GE organizme i proizvode razvijene pomoću GE
tehnologija, uključujući CRISPR/Cas9. Potrošači su skloniji prihvatiti GE tehnologiju ako se
koristi za poboljšanje zdravlja proizvodnih životinja i smanjenje ekološkog utjecaja industrije
proizvodnje proteina te ako pridonosi održivosti.
Abstract (english) CRISPR/Cas9 is a genetic editing (GE) technology based on the immune defense system
against foreign DNA found in archaea and bacteria. CRISPR (clustered regularly interspaced
short palindromic repeats) represents genetic loci built from grouped regularly spaced short
repeating sequences between interspersed with so-called spacers, which are the remains of the
virus or plasmid the host encountered. Cas (CRISPR-associated proteins) operon, next to
CRIPSR locus, codes for various nucleases, and upon re-encountering the viral/plasmid DNA,
encoded in spacers, they serve to guide nucleases towards the invading DNA via their RNA
copies. This represents the most precise method of genetic editing to date with great potential
for application in biomedicine, the pharmaceutical industry, basic research, as well as
agriculture and aquaculture. Aquaculture represents one of the fastest growing sectors of food
production and it is believed that GE technology can help solve problems such as disease
resistance, sterility, improvement of growth rate, omega-3 metabolism, however the precise
application of this technology requires investment in the production of good quality genome
drafts, QTL studies, reduction of off-target mutation rate in GE editing and F0 mosaicism.
Currently, there are no specific frameworks and guidelines for risk assessment related to GE
organisms and products developed using GE technologies, including CRISPR/Cas9.
Consumers are more likely to accept GE technology if it is used to improve the health and
welfare of production animals and reduce the environmental impact of the protein production
industry, and if it contributes to sustainability.
Keywords
CRISPR/Cas9
genetičko uređivanje
akvakultura
održivost
Keywords (english)
CRISPR/Cas9
genetic editing
aquaculture
sustainability
Language croatian
URN:NBN urn:nbn:hr:226:583015
Study programme Title: Undergraduate university studies Marine Biology and Technology Study programme type: university Study level: undergraduate Academic / professional title: sveučilišni prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) inženjer/inženjerka biologije i tehnologije mora (sveučilišni prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) inženjer/inženjerka biologije i tehnologije mora)
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Created on 2023-12-18 13:24:34