19. century is a century of big changes for the Europian continent. After Napoleon's wars, political decisions inevitably dictated the changes in the society structure, and simultaneously in its habits, practises and tastes. It all directly affected arts and the direction of its further developement. We could certainly say that the formation of musical market took place in European centres such as London, Milan, Berlin, Dresden and Vienna. Vienna is even today celebrated as classical music capital. How it developed over years, and does it really deserve this enviable title, we can find out from the letters of musicians and composers who found their inspiration on this fertile ground. However, the life of a musician was not easy, but the demand for the musical works was enormous. How important music was for the Viennese, witnesses the fact that emperors, counts, aristocrats, as well as citizenship – which significally gets its importance – all played several instruments. Playing an instrument and score reading was part of general education but was a leisure and amusment as well as a profession. Terms regarding history of music are corroborated wtih examples from the letters of Viennese composers, respectively those, who spent at least part of their life in Vienna and thereby enriched and shaped the developement of musical flows of 19. century – Beethoven, Schubert, Brahms and Mahler.