This thesis deals with topics related to Ranque-Hilsch vortex tubes. At the very beginning, it gives an overview of the wide range of application of the vortex tube. Also, the phenomenon of temperature separation within the vortex tube has been explained, with a description of the characteristic areas within the tube. In addition to the counter-flow vortex tube, which has been analyzed through this thesis, the other embodiments of the vortex tubes had been described and their advantages. It has been described influence of different working media, as well as physical and geometrical properties on the performance of the vortex tube. Throughout the practical part of this thesis is shown the detailed design of the experimental setup with all its components that are required to measure the working parameters of the vortex tube. For the purpose of understanding, there are also given an examples of measurements of the working parameters of the vortex tube, based on which measurements of working parameters in the laboratory are performed with the available equipment.