| Abstract | Nakon velike gospodarske krize 2008. godine, u bankarskom sustavu više ništa nije bilo isto. Iz godine u godinu počeo se smanjivati broj banaka, ali i drugih kreditnih institucija. Najveći razlozi smanjivanja broja banaka bili su samolikvidacija i spajanje banaka, do čega je dovela nemogućnost praćenja konkurencije na tržištu novca. Banke u Hrvatskoj su kroz promatrani period pretežito ostvarivale dobit, osim 2015. godine kada je zbog situacije sa kreditima u švicarskim francima dovela do gubitka banaka. U situacijama kao što je ova intervenira Hrvatska narodna banka, kao središnja banka u Republici Hrvatskoj. Poslovanje Hrvatske narodne banke uređeno je Zakonom o Hrvatskoj narodnoj banci, a jedan od njenih zadataka je i očuvanje stabilnosti tržišta. U ovome radu praćeni su financijski pokazatelji rada banaka u RH, ali i drugih kreditnih institucija. Uspješnost banaka obično se ogleda promatranjem aktive ili ostvarene dobiti, što nije učinkovit pokazatelj pa su stoga u radu prikazani i drugi financijski pokazatelji, kako bi se sagledala šira slika njihova poslovanja. Poslovanje banaka specifično je, odnosno ne gleda se iz iste perspektive kao i poslovanje ostalih poslovnih subjekata. Primjerice, pokazatelji zaduženosti banaka najvećim dijelom pokazuju da su banke zadužene, što treba uzeti s rezervom jer se općenito najvećim dijelom financiraju iz depozita građana i drugih obveza. |
| Abstract (english) | After the great economic crisis of 2008, nothing was the same in the banking system. Year after year, the number of banks and other credit institutions began to decrease. The biggest reasons for the decrease in the number of banks were self-liquidation and bank mergers, which led to the impossibility of keeping up with the competition on the money market. Banks in Croatia were mostly profitable throughout the observed period, except for 2015, when the situation with loans in Swiss francs led to banks' losses. In situations like this, the Croatian National Bank, as the central bank in the Republic of Croatia, intervenes. The operations of the Croatian National Bank are regulated by the Act on the Croatian National Bank, and one of its tasks is to preserve market stability. In this paper, the financial indicators of the work of banks in the Republic of Croatia, as well as other credit institutions, are monitored. The success of banks is usually reflected by looking at assets or realized profit, which is not an effective indicator, so other financial indicators are also presented in the paper, in order to see the broader picture of their operations. The operation of banks is specific, that is, it is not viewed from the same perspective as the operation of other business entities. For example, indicators of banks' indebtedness mostly show that banks are indebted, which should be taken with a grain of salt because they are generally mostly financed from citizens' deposits and other liabilities. |
