This paper aims to examine the knowledge and attitudes on postpartum depression (PPD) in the population of the Republic of Croatia and to determine the factors that are related to them. The survey was conducted on 1,063 members of the general population. An online survey questionnaire was used, which included general and demographic data, scales on knowledge and attitudes towards PPD, questions on personal experience with PPD, and information campaigns related to it. The correlation of results and the influence of the examined factors on attitudes and knowledge were examined by multiple linear regression. An average level of total knowledge with a mean of 10 indicates an average level of knowledge on PPD. The level of attitudes with a mean value of 2.44 indicates their orientation towards more positive attitudes. The overall level of knowledge is statistically significantly influenced by gender, whether they have children, education level, whether they are a health worker, mental health problems and treatment, personal experience, and acquaintance of a person with PPD, and exposure to information campaigns (P <0, 005). Attitudes towards PPD are significantly influenced by gender, marital status, whether they have children, education level, whether they are a health worker, mental health problems and treatment, personal experience, and acquaintance of a person with PPD, and education through information campaigns (P <0, 005). The research can serve as an aid in the planning and implementation of preventive measures to influence strategies to improve the knowledge of the population about PPD, which would ultimately lead to the de-stigmatization of the disorder and people suffering from it.