| Abstract | Zdravo novorođenče je novorođenče rođeno između 37 i 42 tjedna trudnoće, koje odgovara rastom i razvojem te ustaljenim mjerama opsega lubanje, tjelesne mase i duljine standardima populacije, koje ne ispoljava malformacije niti disrupcije, koje je začeto, nošeno i rođeno bez rizičnih činilaca. Takvo dijete ima najčešće mladu, zdravu majku, u dobi od 20-29 godina, koja je rodila na vrijeme, fiziološkim tijekom trudnoće, bez većih zahvata pri porođaju. U prvoj minuti nakon porođaja, novorođenče je s Apgar- indeksom 8-10, pH krvi pupkovine je oko 7,19, a najčešće je drugorođeno. Učestalost rađanja takve djece među živorođenom iznosi oko 50%.
Zdravo donošeno novorođenče rađa se s težinom 3000 do 4200 grama (prosjek 3200 grama). Dječaci su u prosjeku za 100 do 150 grama teži od djevojčica. Duljina donošenog novorođenčeta je između 49 i 51 cm.
Od trenutka primanja trudnice u rađaonicu primalja čini sve kako bi se buduća majka osjećala dobro i sigurno. Upoznaje ju s osobljem i odjelom te objašnjava što će se i kada raditi. Ona je cijelo vrijeme uz trudnicu. Pruža joj podršku i prati njezino stanje – disanje, puls, tlak, temperaturu te snagu, učestalost i trajanje trudova. Prati otkucaje srca nerođena djeteta i o svemu tome obavještava liječnika. Nadalje, primalja pomaže trudnici da se smjesti u što udobniji položaj, vlaži joj usta, budući da ne smije ništa jesti ni piti, pomaže joj pri mokrenju, potiče na pravilno disanje i opuštanje između trudova te poduzima i druge mjere kako bi ovo razdoblje ženu što manje iscrpilo. Vrlo je važno da joj tumači što se događa i daje potrebne obavijesti, kako bi smanjila tjeskobu zbog neizvjesnosti i pogrešnog razumijevanja događaja. Priprema za porođaj uključuje i pripremu spolovila, primjenu klizme, davanje injekcija i infuzija, uzimanje materijala za pretrage, pomoć pri posebnim postupcima za ublažavanje bolova,itd.(8). |
| Abstract (english) | Hello newborn infant is born between 37 and 42 weeks of pregnancy, which corresponds to the growth and development of this well-established measures of the skull circumference, body mass and length standards of the population, which does not exhibit malformations or disruption, which is conceived, carried and born without risk factors. Such a child has usually young, healthy mother, aged 20 to 29 years, who gave birth to time, physiological during pregnancy, without major intervention in childbirth. In the first minute after birth, the newborn is the Apgar- index of 8-10, pH of umbilical cord blood is around 7.19, and the most common is the second child. The frequency of birth of such children among live born is about 50%.
Healthy term newborn is born with a weight of 3000 to 4200 grams (average of 3200 grams). Boys are an average of 100 to 150 grams heavier than girls. Lengthfullterm newborn is between 49 and 51 cm.
From the moment of receiving pregnant women in the delivery room midwife does everything to the future mother felt good and safe. She meets her with the staff and department and explains what will be and when to work. It is all the time with a pregnant woman. Provides support her and monitored her condition - breathing, heart rate, blood pressure, temperature and force, frequency and duration of contractions. Follow heartbeat unborn child and everything notify the doctor. Furthermore, the midwife helps a pregnant woman to be placed in a comfortable position, moistens her mouth, since it can not not eat or drink, helps her urinating, encourages proper breathing and relaxation between contractions and take other measures to this period as a woman less exhausted. It is very important that she interprets what is happening and provides necessary information, in order to reduce anxiety due to uncertainty and misinterpretation of events. Preparing for childbirth includes the preparation of the genitals, the application of enemas, injections and infusions, taking material time, assistance for special procedures to relieve pain, and so on. |
