Title Uloga primalje u nadzoru blizanačkih trudnoća
Title (english) The role of a midwife in overseeing twin pregnancies
Author Diana Adžaga
Mentor Martina Šunj (mentor)
Committee member Deana Švaljug (predsjednik povjerenstva)
Committee member Ivan Palada (član povjerenstva)
Committee member Martina Šunj (član povjerenstva)
Granter University of Split (University Department of Health Studies) Split
Defense date and country 2015-09-30, Croatia
Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE Clinical Medical Sciences Gynecology and Obstetrics
Abstract Blizanačka trudnoća je istodobni razvoj dvaju plodova u jednoj maternici. U nekih rasa je češća (crna rasa), a u nekih rijeđa (žuta rasa). Nasljeđuje se jednako po muškoj i ženskoj liniji. Blizanačka trudnoća može biti monozigotna i dizigotna. Do monozigotne blizanačke trudnoće dolazi kada jedan spermij oplodi jednu jajnu stanicu i ona se razdijeli na dvije identične stanice sa identičnim DNK materijalom. Dizigotna blizanačka trudnoća događa se kada dva spermija oplođuju dvije jajna stanice i nastaje dvoje djece različitog DNK materijala, genetski različite i mogu biti različitog spola, dok kod monozignotnih blizanaca djeca su uvijek istog spola.
Komplikacije blizanačke trudnoće očituju se u nastanku TTTS-a, raznih anastomoza te prijevremenog poroda zbog prerastegnutog i preopterećenog uterusa.
Porod blizanačke trudnoće može se obavljati vaginalno, ali zbog čestih komplikacija u porodu najčešće se ide na carski rez (zakvačeni blizanci).
Prehrana trudnice s blizancima treba biti raznovrsna i bogata svim hranjivim tvarima. Trudnica ne bi nikako trebala jesti za dvoje, već otprilike 300 kcal više nego izvan trudnoće. Trebala bi uzimati pripravke željeza te folnu kiselinu (prevencija defekata neuralne cijevi). Hrana treba biti bogata svježim voćem i povrćem. Trudnica bi se trebala kretati, vježbati (ne pretjerano; lagana svakodnevna šetnja je dovoljna). Blizanačku trudnoću potrebno je intenzivno nadzirati te reagirati na svaku promjenu. Trudnica s blizancima obično se hospitalizira u 35., 36.tjednu trudnoće zbog visokog rizika za prijevremeni porod.
Ženi koja je rodila blizance treba velika podrška od obitelji i okoline. Uz nju bi za početak trebala biti osoba od povjerenja da joj pomaže u kućanskim poslovima i oko djece.
Rodilji valja objasniti sve vezano uz pravilno dojenje, prevenciju ragada i zastojne dojke te kako najefikasnije kombinirati hranjenje blizanaca. Treba ju ohrabrivati i poticati na dojenje te joj objasniti dobrobiti dojenja, kako za djecu, tako i za nju. Objasniti joj kako će dojenje potaknuti bržu involuciju maternice te će psihički dobro na nju djelovati. Potrebno je približiti joj sliku babinja, faze kroz koje će prolaziti te promjene koje će se na njenom tijelu događati (lohije, kontrakcije za vrijeme dojenja).
Abstract (english) Twin pregnancy is simultaneous development of two foetus in one uterus. In some races it is more often (black race), and in the other is less often (yellow race). It inherits the same by the male and female line.
Twin pregnancy can be monozygotic and dizygotic. The monozygotic twin pregnancy occurs when one sperm impregnate one egg and then it divides on two identic terminals with identic DNK material.
Dizygotic twin pregnancy occurs when two sperms impregnate two eggs and then are formed two kids with different DNK material, genetically different and can be different sex, while at the monozygotic twins, kids are always the same sex.
Complications with twin pregnancy are reflected in the occurrence of TTTS, various anastomosis and premature birth besause of too streched and too weighted uterus.
The birth of twin pregnancy can be carried out vaginally, but because of frequent complications during the birth, it ,most often, goes to the cesarean section (hooked twins).
Nutrition of pregnant women with twins should be various and rich in nutrients. Pregnant women shouldn't eat for two, but approximately 300 kcal more than without pregnancy.
Women should take iron preparations and folic acid (prevention of neural tube defections).
The nutrition should be rich with fresh fruits and vegetables. Pregnant women should move and exercise (not overmuch:light daily walk is enough).
Twin pregnancy is necesaary to be intensively supervised and we must react on each change.
Twin pregnancy is usually hospitalized in 35th or 36th week of pregnancy because of the high risk of preterm birth.
The women who had birth to twins needs big support of her family and environment. With her should be, for beggining, a person of trust to help her with housework and children.
To the mother, it should be explained everything about proper breastfeeding, and stagnans breast and how to , most effective, combine feeding of twins.
She should be encouraged to breast-feeding and it should be explained to her well-being of breastfeeding, both for children and for her.
It should be explained to her how will breastfeeding help her with faster involution of uterus and how it will be psyhically good for her.
It is necessary to approach her the image of puerperal, stages that she will pass, and changes that will happen on her body (contractions during breastfeeding).
Keywords
blizanačka trudnoća
monozigotna i dizigotna
babinje
Keywords (english)
twin pregnancy
monozygotic and dizygotic
confinement
Language croatian
URN:NBN urn:nbn:hr:176:751716
Study programme Title: Midwifery (university/undergraduate) Study programme type: university Study level: undergraduate Academic / professional title: sveučilišni prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) primaljstva (sveučilišni prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) primaljstva)
Type of resource Text
File origin Born digital
Access conditions Open access
Terms of use
Created on 2019-12-06 08:44:38