| Abstract | Cilj istraživanja:
Cilj ovog rada bio je provjera učinkovitosti skupne radne terapije u poboljšanju kratkoročne skrbi kod akutno hospitaliziranih pacijenata u Klinici za psihijatriju KBC Split.
Ispitanici i metode:
Za potrebe ovog istraživanja proveden je anketni upitnik Opsežne skale psihosocijalne
procjene aktivnosti/okupacije COTE ljestvica među 51 pacijentom, koji su sudjelovali u radnoj terapiji, tijekom boravka u Klinici za psihijatriju, KBC Split. Upotrebom COTE ljestvice testiralo se postojanje utjecaja radne terapije na konačan rezultat. Inicijalno mjerenje je provedeno prvi dan, završno mjerenje je provedeno zadnji dan sudjelovanja na radnoj terapiji. Promatrana su 3 segmenta ponašanja, i to opće ponašanje, interpersonalno ponašanje, te ponašanje prema zadatku.
Opće ponašanje pacijenata definirano je kroz 8 čestica o općem ponašanju, i to izgled, neproduktivno ponašanje, razina aktivnosti, izražavanje, odgovornost, točnost, orijentacija na realnost i stvaranje koncepta.
Interpersonalno ponašanje pacijenata definirano je kroz 6 čestica, i to, neovisnost, kooperacija, samosvjesnost, socijabilnost, izazivanje pažnje (pozornost) i negativne reakcije od drugih.
Ponašanje prema zadatku pacijenata definirano je kroz 12 čestica, i to angažiranost (zaokupljenost), koncentracija, koordinacija, slijeđenje uputa, urednost u radu ili pažnja prema detaljima, rješavanje problema, složenost i organizacija zadataka, inicijalno učenje, interes za aktivnost, interes za konačan rezultat, donošenje odluka i tolerancija za frustraciju.
Rezultati:
Prosječna razina poteškoća u općem ponašanju je za 0,47 manja u finalnom stanju u odnosu na inicijalno stanje. Testiranjem je utvrđeno postojanje statistički značajno smanjenje razine poteškoća u općem ponašanju nakon rehabilitacije (X=6,08; p<0,001), odnosno terapija je bila učinkovita.
Prosječna razina poteškoća u interpersonalnom ponašanju je za 0,35 manja u finalnom stanju u odnosu na inicijalno stanje. Testiranjem je utvrđeno postojanje statistički značajno smanjenje razine poteškoća u interpersonalnom ponašanju nakon rehabilitacije (X=4,91; p<0,001), odnosno terapija je bila učinkovita.
Prosječna razina poteškoća u ponašanju prema zadatku je za 0,53 manja u finalnom stanju u odnosu na inicijalno stanje. Testiranjem je utvrđeno postojanje statistički značajno smanjenje razine poteškoća u ponašanju prema zadatku nakon rehabilitacije (X=6,62; p<0,001), odnosno terapija je bila učinkovita.
Zaključci:
1. Primjena radne terapije u poboljšanju kratkoročne skrbi za akutno hospitalizirane pacijente u Klinici za psihijatriju je učinkovita.
2. Provođenje radne terapije učinkovito je u smanjenju razine poteškoća u općem ponašanju.
3. Provođenje radne terapije učinkovito je u smanjenju razine poteškoća u interpersonalnom ponašanju.
4. Provođenje radne terapije učinkovito je u smanjenju razine poteškoća u ponašanju prema zadatku. |
| Abstract (english) | Research Goal:
The goal of this research was to investigate the efficiency of the group work therapy in improving short-term care for acutely hospitalized patients at the Psychiatric Clinic within the Clinical Hospital Centre in Split.
Respondents and Methods:
A questionnaire Comprehensive Occupational Therapy Evaluation Scale – COTE scale was implemented among 51 respondents for the needs of this research. These respondents took part in the work therapy during their stay at the Psychiatric Clinic within the Clinical Hospital Centre in Split. COTE scale was used to test whether the work therapy influences the final result. Initial measurement was implemented on the first day. Final measurement was implemented on the last day of therapy. We observed 3 behaviour segments which are as follows: general behaviour, interpersonal behaviour and task-related behaviour.
Patients’ general behaviour was defined through 8 different elements referring to general behaviour. They refer to appearance, non-productive behaviour, activity level, expressing, responsibility, accuracy, reality orientation and concept creation.
Patients’ interpersonal behaviour was defined through 6 elements which are independence, cooperation, awareness, sociability, attention seeking and causing negative reaction in other people.
Patients task-related behaviour was defined through 12 elements. These are level of engagement, focus, coordination, following instructions, work order or attention to detail, problem solving, task organization and complexity, initial learning, interest in activity, interest in final result, decision making and frustration tolerance.
Results:
Average difficulty level in general behaviour was 0.47 smaller in the final condition then in the initial condition. Testing proved that there is a statistically significant decrease in the level of difficulties in general behaviour after the rehabilitation (X=6.08; p<0.001). In other words, the therapy was successful.
Average difficulty level in interpersonal behaviour is 0.35 smaller in the final condition then in the initial condition. Testing proved that there is a statistically significant decrease in the level of difficulties in interpersonal behaviour after the rehabilitation (X=4.91; p<0.001). In other words, work therapy was successful.
Average difficulty level in task-related behaviour was 0.53 smaller in the final condition then in the initial condition. Testing proved that there is a statistically significant decrease in the level of difficulties in the task-related behaviour after the rehabilitation (X=6.62; p<0.001). In other words, the therapy was successful.
Conclusions:
1. Work therapy application in improving short-term care for acutely hospitalized patients at the Psychiatric Clinic is efficient.
2. Work therapy implementation is efficient in decreasing the level of difficulties in general behaviour.
3. Work therapy implementation is efficient in decreasing the level of difficulties in interpersonal behaviour.
4. Work therapy implementation is efficient in decreasing the level of difficulties in task-related behaviour. |
