| Abstract | Uvod: Pravilna prehrana jača imunološki sustav i pridonosi zdravlju dok nepravilna prehrana može dovesti do smanjenja imuniteta, povećati osjetljivost na obolijevanje, pa čak i utjecati na smanjen tjelesni i mentalni razvoj. Nepravilna prehrana može dovesti do prekomjerne tjelesne težine i oboljenja koja su posljedica prekomjerne tjelesne težine.
Cilj: Glavni cilj istraživanja bio je istražiti stavove djece u osnovnim školama o prehrani i zdravlju u prevenciji pretilosti. Specifični cilj ovog istraživanja bio je usporediti stavove i znanja učenika između dvije osnovne škole (Osnovna škola Kralja Zvonimira, Osnovna škola Majstora Radovana) te rezultate usporediti s ostalim svjetskim istraživanjima na ovu temu.
Metode i ispitanici: Istraživanje je provedeno u svibnju i lipnju 2019. godine na uzorku od 160 ispitanika postupkom jednokratnog anketiranja ispitanika, učenika četvrtih, petih i šestih razreda dvije osnovne škole. Prije ispunjavanja upitnika roditelji su morali potpisati suglasnost za sudjelovanje u istraživanju. U istraživanju se koristio Modified Child Diet Questionnaire (Wilson AM i sur.,2008.) te socio-demografski upitnik koji je sastavljen u svrhu ovog istraživanja.
Rezultati: Velika većina učenika četvrtih, petih i šestih razreda dviju osnovnih škola ima pozitivne stavove i znanja o prehrani. Učenici svih razreda u obje škole tijekom cijelog dana od pića najviše piju vodu (60% učenika pije vodu za vrijeme pauze; 63,1% je pije za vrijeme ručka i nakon škole njih 70%). Ručak jede kući 93,1% učenika. U stavovima i znanju nema razlike između dvije škole uključene u istraživanje. Zdravije prehrambene navike imaju učenici Osnovne škole Majstora Radovana od učenika Osnovne škole Kralja Zvonimira. Učenici Osnovne škole Majstora Radovana više jedu voće (X²=4,805; p=0,028); manje jedu pizzu (X²=5,552; p=0,018), čokoladu (X²=5,068; p=0,024), sendviče/peciva (X²=3,847; p=0,050) te grickalice za vrijeme gledanja televizije (X²=10,279; p=0,016).
Zaključak: Učenici šestih razreda osnovnih škola nemaju pozitivnije stavove i veća znanja o prehrani i zdravlju u prevenciji pretilosti od učenika četvrtih razreda osnovnih škola. Ovakav rezultat možda bismo mogli objasniti činjenicom kako su starija djeca samostalnija u odlučivanju o prehrani i sklonija utjecaju vršnjaka, što bi mogla biti podloga za neka nova detaljnija istraživanja ove tematike. |
| Abstract (english) | Background: Regular nutrition strengthens the immune system and contributes to health, while irregular nutrition can reduce immunity, increase susceptibility to disease and even reduce physical and mental development. Irregular diet can lead to overweight and illnesses that result from being overweight.
Objectives: The main aim of the research was to explore the attitudes of children in primary schools on nutrition and health in the prevention of obesity. The specific aim of this research was to compare the attitudes and knowledge of students between two primary schools (Kralj Zvonimir Primary School, Majstor Radovan Primary School) and to compare the results with other studies on this topic.
Methods and Subjects: The research was conducted in May and June 2019 on a sample of 160 subjects by one-time survey of respondents, students of fourth, fifth and sixth grades of two primary schools. Before completing the questionnaire parents had to sign consent to participate in the research. The study used the Modified Child Diet Questionnaire (Wilson AM et al., 2008) and the socio-demographic questionnaire compiled for the purpose of this research.
Results: The vast majority of students in the fourth, fifth and sixth grades of the two primary schools have a positive attitude and knowledge of nutrition. Students of all grades in both schools drink the most water throughout the day (60% of students drink water during breaks; 63.1% drink it during lunch and after school 70%). 93.1% of students eat lunch at home. There is no difference in attitudes and knowledge between the two schools involved in the research. Students from the Majstor Radovan Primary School have more healthy eating habits than those from Kralj Zvonimir Primary School. Majstor Radovan Primary School students eat more fruit (X² = 4,805; p = 0.028); eat less pizza (X² = 5.552; p = 0.018), chocolate (X² = 5.068; p = 0.024), sandwiches / pastries (X² = 3.847; p = 0.050), and snacks while watching television (X² = 10.279; p = 0.016).
Conclusion: Sixth grade students do not have more positive attitudes and greater knowledge about nutrition and health in obesity prevention than fourth grade students. This result may perhaps be explained by the fact that older children are more independent in their dietary choices and more prone to peer influence, which may be the basis for some more detailed research into this topic. |
