Title Zdravstvena njega bolesnika kod subarahnoidalnog krvarenja Title (english) Nursing Care of Patients with Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Author Jelena Radan-Bekara Mentor Dragica Kustura (mentor) Committee member Slavica Kozina (predsjednik povjerenstva)Committee member Rahela Orlandini (član povjerenstva) Committee member Dragica Kustura (član povjerenstva) Granter University of Split Defense date and country 2014-07-23, Croatia Scientific / art field, BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE Abstract Subarahnoidalno krvarenje (SAH) označava prisustvo krvi u subarahnoidalnom prostoru. Radi se o krvarenju između mekih moždanih ovojnica gdje cirkulira cerebrospinalni likvor. Klinički simptomi su karakteristični i specifični, pa se ova vrsta moždanog udara može razlikovati od ostalih s velikom pouzdanošću najčešće već na temelju kliničke slike. Dijagnoza se postavlja na osnovu anamneze, kliničkog pregleda i kliničke slike, CT mozga, lumbalne punkcije i angiografijom. Liječenje može biti operativno ili konzervativno ovisno o nalazu cerebralne angiografije. Konzervativno liječenje podrazumijeva strogo mirovanje u krevetu i bolesniku se daju različiti lijekovi ovisno o izraženim tegobama i kliničkoj slici. Lijek izbora je Nimodopin koji se primjenjuje intravenozno u trajnoj infuziji u početnoj fazi i kasnije peroralno. Medicinska sestra je prisutna kod bolesnika 24 sata od primitka u bolnicu do kraja njegovog liječenja i pruža različite vrste pomoći (fizička, psihološka, uređenje okoline, savjetovanje, edukacija). Obzirom na ograničenja koja su određena bolesniku (strogo mirovanje u krevetu), vrlo je važna procjena medicinske sestre bolesnikovih psiholoških i emocionalnih potreba, jer kao posljedica nepokretnosti i bespomoćnosti dolazi do neželjenog psihološkog ponašanja kod bolesnika. Bolesnici koji prežive SAH često imaju ozbiljne zdravstvene posljedice, a koliko će te posljedice po zdravlju biti prisutne ovisi o općem stanju, neurološkom deficitu i stanju svijesti kod bolesnika pri prijemu. Brzina pri dijagnosticiranju je ključna za optimalnu prognozu. Kod otpusta, bolesniku i njegovoj obitelji moraju se objasniti pravila kojih se mora pridržavati.
Abstract (english) Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) indicates the presence of blood in the subarachnoid space. It is a bleeding between the soft meninges where cerebrospinal fluid circulates. Clinical symptoms are typical and specific, so this type of stroke may differ from others with great certainty, but usually based on the clinical picture. Diagnosis is based on history, clinical examination and clinical symptoms, brain CT scan, lumbar puncture and angiography. Treatment can be surgically or conservatively depending on the findings of cerebral angiography. Conservative treatment includes strict bed rest and the patient can give different drugs depending on the specification of problems and the clinical picture. The drug of choice is Nimodopin which is administered intravenously in a continuous infusion at the initial stage and later orally. A nurse is present in patients 24 hours of hospital admission until the end of his treatment, and provides various types of assistance (physical, psychological, environmental regulation, counseling, education). Due to limitations as are determined by the patient (strict bed rest), it is very important to estimate nurse patient psychological and emotional needs, as a result of immobility and helplessness leads to adverse psychological behavior in patients. Patients who survive SAH often have serious health consequences, and how these effects on health will be present depends on the general condition, neurological deficit and the state of consciousness in patients on admission. Speed at diagnosis is essential for optimal prediction. At discharge, the patient and his family must explain the rules to be observed.
Keywords
Subarahnoidalno krvarenje
medicinska sestra
moždani udar (ključne riječi unio urednik)
Keywords (english)
Subarachnoid hemorrhage
nurse
stroke (ključne riječi unio urednik)
Language croatian URN:NBN urn:nbn:hr:176:240913 Study programme Title: Nursing (university/undergraduate) Type of resource Text File origin Born digital Access conditions Open access Terms of use Created on 2020-06-24 16:45:01
