Childbirth means the end of the period of carrying a fetus which is completed spontaneously or by medical assistance and ends with the birth of one or more fetuses. According to the mode of onset of labor, labor is defined as spontaneous or induced. Surgical delivery means that pregnancy is completed surgically by cesarean section or by vaginal obstetric intervention. Cesarean section (lat. sectio caesarea) is an obstetric operation by which the child, together with the seconds, is born birth by opening the abdominal cavity (laparotomy) and uterus (hysterotomy), and then the uterus and abdominal wall are sutured. The procedure can be applied to mothers where the mechanisms of childbirth have not been activated and then it is a primary caesarean section. Secondary caesarean section is an intervention that is performed after the birth has started. According to the urgency of the procedure, there is an elective (pre-arranged, planned) and emergency caesarean section (unplanned). Indications for caesarean section can be absolute (in which natural, vaginal birth is not possible in any way, or the life of the mother and/or fetus is endangered), relative (vaginal birth is possible, but there is a certain risk to the mother's health and/or fetus) and extended indications (the basic goal is the prevention or elimination of fetal endangerment). Complications of caesarean section are infection of the operative wound, puerperial bleeding, febrile puerperium, nipple cracks and nipple inflammation, impaired bladder function and psychological maladaptation. The nurse should perform a thorough assessment of the puerperal woman's health and focus on possible causes of complications. The preoperative role of the nurse includes psychophysical preparation which includes providing emotional support, assessing the patient's condition, introducing an intravenous cannula, applying premedication, preparing the digestive and urinary system, preparing the operating field and education. The postoperative role includes a postoperative assessment of the patient's condition, monitoring vital signs, providing assistance in getting up, dressing and monitoring the operative wound and providing education on child care, providing support during breastfeeding and emphasizing the importance of rest and sleep, proper lifestyle and consumption of various food.