| Abstract | Hashimotov tireoiditis (HT) je autoimuno oboljenje u kojem imunološki sustav napada štitnjaču, što rezultira disbalansom u proizvodnji hormona štitnjače te pravilna prehrana ima važnu ulogu u održavanju ravnoteže hormona i smanjenju simptoma samog oboljenja. Stoga je cilj ovog rada bio optimirati jelovnik prilagođen odrasloj osobi, polazeći od pet preuzetih jelovnika namijenjenih oboljelima od HT-a. Energija i nutritivni sastav jelovnika su izračunati primjenom USDA baze podataka o kemijskom sastavu namirnica. Za optimiranje je korišten program LINDO u kojem je funkcija cilja postavljena na traženje dnevnog jelovnika s maksimalnim unosom selena uz ograničenja unosa energije, proteina, selena, željeza, cinka i vitamina D. Optimalno rješenje se sastojalo od 3 glavna obroka i jednog međuobroka čija je energetska vrijednost 1948,9 kcal (preporuka: 2000 kcal) te 159,4 µg selena (preporuka 55 µg/dan). Međutim, iako je optimalna dnevna ponuda u skladu s preporukama za sve promatrane parametre, ona je u dva obroka nudila iste namirnice, te zbog ograničenja USDA baze nisu evaluirani parametri koji su iznimno važni za osobe oboljele od HT-a kao npr. jod. Stoga je važno da educirana osoba, nutricionist, evaluira unos i esencijalnih mikronutrijenata. |
| Abstract (english) | Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT) is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system attacks the thyroid gland, resulting in an imbalance in thyroid hormone production. Proper nutrition plays a crucial role in maintaining hormone balance and reducing the symptoms of the condition. Therefore, the aim of this study was to optimize a menu tailored for adults, based on five retrieved menus intended for individuals with HT. The energy and nutritional composition of the menus were calculated using the USDA food composition database. The LINDO program was used for optimization, with the objective function set to find a daily menu with maximum selenium intake, while limiting energy, protein, selenium, iron, zinc, and vitamin D intake. The optimal solution consisted of 3 main meals and one snack, with an energy value of 1948.9 kcal (recommended: 2000 kcal) and 159.4 µg of selenium (recommended: 55 µg/day). However, although the optimal daily offering complied with recommendations for all observed parameters, two meals included the same foods. Additionally, due to limitations of the USDA database, parameters crucial for individuals with HT, such as iodine, were not evaluated. Therefore, it is important for an educated individual or nutritionist to assess the intake of essential micronutrients. |
