Title Utjecaj gnojidbe dušikom na kemijska svojstva tla Title (english) Effects of nitrogen fertilizer on soil chemecal properties Author Doris Doljanac Mentor Vladimir Zebec (mentor)Committee member Zdenko Lončarić (predsjednik povjerenstva)Committee member Domagoj Rastija (član povjerenstva)Granter Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek Defense date and country 2020-10-29, Croatia Scientific / art field, BIOTECHNICAL SCIENCES Abstract Gnojidba predstavlja najvaţniji zahvat u optimalizaciji plodnosti tla te se veliki znaĉaj stavlja na racionalnu gnojidbu i primjenu doza i vrsta gnojiva koji daju najbolje proizvodne rezultate te istovremeno ne predstavljaju opterećenje za okoliš. Cilj istraţivanja je vegetacijskim gnojidbenim pokusom utvrditi utjecaj izbora dušiĉnog mineralnog gnojiva na raspoloţivost hraniva i plodnost tla na antropogenom tlu voćnjaka. Osnovna postavljena hipoteza je da izbor dušiĉnih mineralnih gnojiva znaĉajno utjeĉe na osnovna agrokemijska svojstva tla te raspoloţivost biljnih hraniva na karbonatnom tlu. Vegetacijski pokus postavljen je tijekom 2018. godine na karbonatnom antropogeniziranom tlu voćnjaka razvijenom iz eutriĉno smeĊeg tla na lokaciji Kneţevi Vinogradi. Provedeni gnojidbeni tretmani postavljeni su u 3 ponavljanja, a razlikovali su se prema vrsti dušiĉnog gnojiva kako slijedi: kontrola (C), kalcijev amonij nitrat (KAN), amonijev sulfat (AS), amonijev sulfonitrat (ASN) te urea (U). UtvrĊeni raspon vrijednosti izmjenjive kiselosti tla nakon vegetacije nije imao statistiĉki znaĉajne razlike izmeĊu tretmana, a kretao se od 7,43 pH jedinice na tretmanu gnojidbe KAN-om do 7,51 pH jednice na C tretmanu. Najniţa vrijednost sadrţaja organske tvari u tlu utvrĊena je na KAN tretmanu (2,02 %), dok je najviša vrijednost utvrĊena na ASN tretmanu (2,15 %.), no bez utvrĊenih statistiĉki znaĉajnih razlika izmeĊu tretmana. ASN tretman rezultirao je statistiĉki znaĉajno većom vrijednost biljci pristupaĉnog kalija s vrijednosti od 43,60 mg/kg K2O u odnosu na U tretman, dok je statistiĉki zaĉajna razlika s ostalim gnojidbenim tretmanima izostala. Moţemo zakljuĉiti kako gnojidba predstavlja najvaţniji zahvat u optimalizaciji plodnosti tla te se veliki znaĉaj treba staviti na racionalnu gnojidbu i primjenu odgovarajućeg dušiĉnog mineralnog gnojiva koji daje najbolje proizvodne rezultate, povoljno utjeĉe na produktivnost tla te istovremeno ne predstavljaju opterećenje za okoliš. Iz utvrĊenih rezultata vidljive su minimalne promjene kemijskih svojstava tla ovisno o izboru mineralnog dušiĉnog gnojiva, no te razlike nisu statistiĉki opravdane te je potrebno nastaviti s istraţivanjem kako bi se utvrdili rezultati nakon višegodišnjih istraţivanja.
Abstract (english) Fertilization is the most important procedure in optimizing soil fertility and great importance is placed on rational fertilization and application of doses and types of fertilizers that give the best production results and at the same time do not represent a burden on the environment. The aim of the research is to determine the influence of nitrogen mineral fertilizer selection on nutrient availability and soil fertility on anthropogenic orchard soil by vegetation fertilization experiment. The basic hypothesis is that the choice of nitrogen fertilizers significantly affects the basic agrochemical properties of the soil and the availability of plant nutrients on carbonate soil. The vegetation experiment was set up in 2018 on carbonate anthropogenic orchard soil developed from eutric cambisol at the Kneţevi Vinogradi site. The fertilization treatments were performed in 3 replicates, and differed according to the type of nitrogen fertilizer as follows: control (C), calcium ammonium nitrate (KAN), ammonium sulfate (AS), ammonium sulfonitrate (ASN) and urea (U). The determined range of values of variable soil acidity after vegetation had no statistically significant differences between treatments, ranging from 7.43 pH units on KAN fertilization treatment to 7.51 pH units on C treatment. The lowest value of the content of organic matter in the soil was determined on KAN treatment (2.02%), while the highest value was determined on ASN treatment (2.15%), but without statistically significant differences between treatments. ASN treatment resulted in a statistically significantly higher value of plant-accessible potassium with a value of 43.60 mg / kg K2O compared to U treatment, while a statistically significant difference with other fertilization treatments was absent. We can conclude that fertilization is the most important intervention in optimizing soil fertility and great importance should be placed on rational fertilization and application of appropriate nitrogen mineral fertilizer that gives the best production results, has a favorable effect on soil productivity and at the same time does not pose a burden to the environment. The established results show minimal changes in soil chemical properties depending on the choice of mineral nitrogen fertilizer, but these differences are not statistically justified and it is necessary to continue the research to determine the results after many years of research.
Keywords
kemijska svojstva tla
gnojidba
dušik
jabuka
Keywords (english)
soil chemical properties
fertilization
nitrogen
apple
Language croatian URN:NBN urn:nbn:hr:151:731806 Study programme Title: Plant Production; specializations in: Plant Production, Plant Nutrition and Soil Science, Plant Selection and Seed Production, Plant Protection Type of resource Text File origin Born digital Access conditions Open access Terms of use Public note diplomski rad Created on 2020-12-01 12:47:20
