| Abstract | U današnjoj proizvodnji mlijeka te sveukupnoj poljoprivrednoj proizvodnji nastoji se smanjiti uporaba antibiotika,
pesticida, hormonskih pripravaka kao značajan iskorak prema održivijoj proizvodnji, a kasnije i prelasku na
ekološki prihvatljiv način proizvodnje.
Cilj ovoga rada bio je ispitati utjecaj upotrebe zeolita u cilju poboljšanja zdravlja krava, kroz smanjenje broja
somatskih stanica kao glavnog pokazatelja zdravlja vimena, a shodno tomu i smanjenje pojavnosti mastitisa. Pokus
je proveden na 60 muznih krava podijeljenih u tri skupine prema broju laktacija. Prvu skupinu činile su krave u 1.
laktaciji, drugu skupinu su činile krave 2. i 3. laktacije te su treću skupinu činile krave u 4. i višim laktacijama. Na
početku pokusa prosjek dana u laktaciji svih krava je iznosio 160. Trajanje pokusa je bilo 42 dana te su provedene
tri kontrole mlijeka (0., 21. i 42. dan), isto tako su istih dana provedena testiranja urina. Značajna razlika broja
somatskih stanica u mlijeku nije zabilježena, iako je nominalno došlo do smanjenja broja somatskih stanica tijekom
pokusa Značajna razlika u broju somatskih stanica je utvrđena između krava prve skupine u odnosu na krave druge
i treće skupine. Nadalje, utvrđena je značajna razlika u postotku mliječne masti, koji je porastao tijekom pokusu.
Za ostale parametre mlijeka nije utvrđena značajna razlika, izuzev koncentracije ureje za koju su zabilježene
oscilacije između kontrolnih točki pokusa. Prema analizi urina utvrđeno je značajno smanjenje koncentracije
proteina u urinu. Također, smanjena je pojavnost mastitisa među kravama u pokusu te se može zaključiti da iako
nije zabilježeno statistički značajno smanjenje broja somatskih stanica, u praksi je premisa ovog pokusa uspješno
potvrđena. Može se tvrditi da zeoliti kao dodaci u hranidbi krava imaju imuno stimulacijski, antibakterijski te
antioksidacijski utjecaj na zdravlje vimena, a u konačnici i na opće zdravlje krava. |
| Abstract (english) | In today's milk production and overall agricultural production, the aim is to reduce the use of antibiotics, pesticides,
hormonal preparations as a significant step towards more sustainable production, and later the transition to an
environmentally friendly method of production. This experiment was set up in direction to examine the benefits
of using zeolite in the direction of improving the health of cows, by reducing the number of somatic cells as the
main indicator of udder health, and consequently reduce the incidence of mastitis. The experiment was performed
on 60 dairy cows divided into three groups according to the number of lactations. The first group, consisted of
cows in the 1st lactation, the second group consisted of cows in the 2nd and 3rd lactations, and the third group
consisted of cows in the 4th and higher lactations, at the beginning of the experiment the average lactation day of
all cows was 160. The duration of the experiment was 42 days and three milk controls were performed (0., 21st
and 42nd day), also on the same days’ urine tests were performed. No significant difference according to statistical
data processing regarding the number of somatic cells in milk was recorded, although nominally there was a
decrease in the number of somatic cells according to the days in the experiment, a significant difference in the
number of somatic cells was found between cows of the first group to cows of the second and third groups.
Furthermore, a significant difference was found in the percentage of milk fat, which increased according to the
days in the experiment. No significant difference was found for other milk parameters, except for concentration of
urea for which oscillations were recorded between control periods. According to the analysis of urine, a significant
reduction in the amount of excreted protein was found. Also, the incidence of mastitis among cows in the
experiment was reduced and it can be concluded that although no statistically significant reduction in the number
of somatic cells was recorded, in practice the premise of this experiment was successfully confirmed. It can be
confirmed that zeolites as additives in the feeding of cows have immune stimulating, antibacterial and antioxidant
effects on udder health, and ultimately on the general health of cows. |
