Among the numerous public health issues of the modern world, sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) hold special significance for two reasons: their prevalence in both underdeveloped and developed countries and they can lead to various complications, primarily in the medical field but also in society. They can be transmitted from an infected person to a healthy individual through sexual intercourse, as well as through non-sexual means such as blood contact, the use of infected objects, or from mother to newborn. Two terms are used in this context: "sexually transmitted diseases" refer to conditions with noticeable symptoms, while "sexually transmitted infections" indicate the presence of potential pathogens in the body. Subtle or asymptomatic symptoms facilitate the spread of the disease, delay detection, and lead to chronic health impairments, even mortality. There is a wide range of sexually transmitted diseases caused by viruses, bacteria, and parasites, including "classic" STDs like syphilis, genital herpes, pubic lice, and others, as well as modern-era STDs such as AIDS, hepatitis B, and hepatitis C. Because of all this, it's crucial to pay special attention and take various actions and measures at both the global level through organizations like the World Health Organization and at the national level. Combating sexually transmitted diseases, providing treatment, but most importantly, focusing on prevention and control, should be an integral part of the comprehensive healthcare system, addressing sexual and reproductive health, not only in underdeveloped countries but also in developed ones. Raising awareness within society, among people of all ages, educational backgrounds, and professions, about the threats posed by sexually transmitted diseases, will help protect not only sexual and reproductive health but also reduce the stigma associated with those affected and ensure a healthy future for generations to come.