Objectives The aim of this theoretical final writing is to describe in detail modern medicinal product pharmaceutical forms and medical devices intended for treatment of dry eye syndrome. Materials and methods The review was conducted by researching literature according to research topic, research subject, authors and journals. A search of scientific articles was performed and the ones relevant for this review were selected. These articles have been studied in an analytical and critical manner in regard to the definition of scientific and/or professional problems, the research of existing knowledge of a defined problem (literary citations), the design of a work hypothesis, the selection of hypothesis testing methods, the presentation and analysis of the results and the derived conclusions. The most important outcomes, discussions and conclusions from these relevant articles are presented in this review. Considerations of the studied issues based on the articles are an integral part of the discussion of this review. Results First line of dry eye sindrome treatment includes topical use of artificial tears in form of eye drops, and lubricants in gel and ointment form. Topical treatment includes use of cyclosporine A and corticosteroides as mono- or combined therapy, and it is intended to treat the inflamatory condition of dry eye syndrome. The possible dry eye syndrome treatment includes also systematic treatment with tetracyclines and omega-3 fatty acides as food supplements, in order to act as antinflamatory agent. Modern pharmaceutical forms that prolong eye surface retention include lipid nanocarriers including lipid nanocarriers of positive surface charge, formulated as pharmaceutical form eye drops. Hydroxypropyl cellulose oftalmic insert (Lacrisert®) ensures prolonged protection of tear film in dry eye syndrome and it is applied 1 to 2 times daily. Occlusion of eye puncta that is conducted with insert that preserves tears, that can be put into canaliculus or puncta presents therapeutic possibility for patients with moderate dry eye syndrome. Mini scleral contact lenses for scleral use ar treatment option of less common, severe form of dry eye syndrome. Medical devices for lids heating represent advanced treatment for dry eye syndrome whose main etiology includes altered composition of upper layer tear film lipides composition. Conclusion The coice of treatment is related mainly to multifactorial etiological dry eye characteristics and severity. It is found that hydroxypropyl cellulose oftalmic insert is safe and efficient therapy for patients with moderate to severe dry eye syndrome, and that advances of modern pharmaceutical forms of enhanced biopharmaceutical characteristics, like cationic lipid nanocarriers are in fact that they enlarge wettability of eye surface and enable prologned retention of active substance on eye surface, and by this enhance the bioavailability of medicinal product. It is found that lacrimal occlusion with punctal and canalicular inserts whether they are temporary or permanent, perserves natural tears, eases symptoms with enhancement of eye surface status with decreasing the need for artificial tears use, and represent the option for treatment of patients with moderate dry eye syndrome. It is found that mini scleral contact lenses scleral use are option for treatment of less common, severe form of dry eye. It is found that for eye lid warming medical devices have advance when using at Meibomian gland dysfunction, acting on enhancing the lipid secretion and evaporative dry eye.