Title Optimiziranje spektrofotometrijske metode za određivanje glutationa u punoj krvi
Title (english) Optimizing of spectrophotometric method for the determination of glutathione in full blood
Author Anja Đuranec
Mentor Ana-Marija Domijan (mentor)
Committee member Ana-Marija Domijan (predsjednik povjerenstva)
Committee member Erim Bešić (član povjerenstva)
Committee member Marko Gerić (član povjerenstva)
Granter University of Zagreb Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry (Department of pharmaceutical botany) Zagreb
Defense date and country 2019-07-12, Croatia
Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE Pharmacy Pharmacy
Abstract Glutation je najvažniji tiolni antioksidans u stanicama sisavaca. Smanjena koncentracija GSH dovodi se u vezu s brojnim
patofiziološkim procesima te je cilj ovog istraživanja bio optimizirati metodu za određivanje koncentracije GSH u punoj krvi. Za
određivanje koncentracije GSH odabrana je spektrofotometrijska metoda koja se temelji na reakciji tiolne skupine GSH i reagensa 5,5'-ditiol-(2-nitrobenzojeve kiseline), DTNB-a. U reakciji nastaje žuto obojeni produkt TNB (5'-tio-2-nitrobenzojeva kiselina) kojem se na valnoj duljini λ = 412 nm može izmjeriti intenzitet apsorbancije. Koncentracija GSH u uzorku određuje se prema Lambert-Beerovom zakonu iz poznatog apsorpcijskog koeficijenta, Ɛ=14150 M-1 cm-1. Ispitivanja optimizacije metode za
određivanje koncentracije GSH u punoj krvi provedena su na istom uzorku krvi, a uzorak krvi pribavljen je od zdravog
dobrovoljnog davaoca krvi. Prilikom optimiziranja metode ispitana je kiselina koja se mora upotrijebiti za uklanjanje proteina iz
uzorka krvi, molarnost pufera kojim se održava potreban pH reakcijske smjese te sastav reakcijske smjese. Također ispitana je
stabilnost GSH tijekom pohranjivanja supernatanta te stabilnost TNB-a, produkta reakcije između GSH i reagensa DTNB-a.
Pouzdanost metode ispitana je određivanjem njene linearnosti. Pored toga ispitano je može li se supernatant koji je pripremljen za određivanje GSH upotrijebiti za određivanje još jednog parametra oksidativnog stresa, malondialdehida (MDA).
Ispitivanjem je pokazano da je tretiranjem uzoraka pune krvi s 5 % TCA dobiven čisti supernatant koji je pogodan za
kolorimetrijsko određivanje GSH. Optimalni uvjeti pH reakcijske smjese postignuti su korištenjem 1 M K-fosfatnog pufera (pH
7,4), a kao optimalan sastav reakcijske smjese pokazao se sastav: 500 µl supernatanta, 350 µl 1 M K-fosfatnog pufera (pH 7,4) te 50 µl 1 mM DTNB-a. Obzirom da je pohranjivanje supernatanta u zamrzivaču na -20 °C kroz 48 h dovelo do značajnog pada
koncentracije GSH (p< 0,05), ne preporuča se pohranjivanje supernatanta. Ispitivanjem stabilnosti produkta reakcije TNB-a u
vremenu od 45 minuta uočen je blagi pad izmjerenih apsorbancija tijekom 45 minuta koji nije bio statistički značajan (p> 0,05) te je zaključeno da je produkt stabilan tijekom 45 minuta. Pomoću standarda GSH (koncentracijski raspon u reakcijskoj smjesi 10 - 60 µM) utvrđeno je da je metoda linearna te pouzdana za mjerenje GSH u punoj krvi. Pokazano je da je iz istog supernatanta koji je pripremljen za određivanje GSH moguće odrediti koncentraciju MDA.
Abstract (english) Glutathione (GSH) is the most important thiol antioxidant in mammals. The decrease of GSH concentration in cells is
linked with various pathophysiological processes. Therefore, the aim of this study was to optimize the method for GSH
measurement in human blood. For the measurement of GSH concentration in blood, the spectrophotometric method was selected, based on the reaction between thiol group of GSH and reagent 5,5'-dithiobis-(2-nitrobenzoic acid), DTNB. Reaction results in a yellow product, 5'-thio-2-nitrobenzoic acid, TNB, whose absorption intensity can be measured at wavelength λ = 412 nm. Concentration of GSH was calculated according to Lambert-Beer law from the known absorption coefficient, Ɛ=14150 M-1 cm-1. Experiments were performed on the same blood sample that was obtained from healthy volunteer blood donor. For the purpose of optimization of the method the acid for deproteinisation of blood sample, the molarity of the buffer needed to obtain pH of the reaction mixture, and composition of reaction mixture were tested. Additionally, stability of GSH in stored supernatant was tested, as well as stability of reaction product, TNB. Reliability of the method was examined by testing its linearity. Furthermore, the same supernatant used for the measurement of GSH was tested for determination of another parameter of oxidative stress, malondiladehyde (MDA). Experiments have shown that treatment of blood samples with 5% TCA removes interfering molecules leaving clear supernatant that is suitable for colorimetric determination of GSH. Optimal pH of reaction mixture is achieved by use of 1M Kphosphate buffer (pH 7.4) and the optimal reaction mixture composition was: 500 µl of supernatant, 350 µl of 1 M K- phosphate buffer (pH 7.4) and 50 µl of DTNB. Statistically significant decrease in GSH level (p< 0.05) was observed in supernatant samples stored at -20 °C for 48h indicating that for determination of GSH supernatant cannot be stored. By monitoring stability of reaction product TNB, a slightly drop of measured absorbance was noticed that was not statistically different (p> 0.05) so can be concluded
that TNB is stable for 45 minutes. GSH standards were added in reaction mixture (in concentration range 10 - 60 µM) and it is established that method is linear and can be used for GSH determination. Additionally it is demonstrated that the supernatant prepared for GSH measurement can also be used for determination of MDA.
Keywords
glutation
oksidacijski stres
antioksidans
Keywords (english)
glutathione
oxidative stress
antioxidant
Language croatian
URN:NBN urn:nbn:hr:163:362509
Study programme Title: Pharmacy Study programme type: university Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra farmacije (magistar/magistra farmacije)
Type of resource Text
File origin Born digital
Access conditions Open access
Terms of use
Created on 2020-02-28 12:30:28