This dissertation provides an overview of therapeutic options in heart failure, with an emphasis on pharmacological treatment options. Heart failure is a growing public health problem and today is the most common cause of hospitalizations among elderly patients. Heart failure is a multiorgan syndrome characterized by damage to the heart, skeletal muscle, and renal function accompanied with stimulation of the sympathetic system, the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, and the natriuretic peptide system. Timely diagnosis, recognition and treatment of comorbidities, and lifestyle modifications are prerequisites for early initiation of therapy. Pharmacological treatment of symptoms and the introduction of therapy that changes (slows down) the course of pathophysiological changes in heart failure, as well as the optimal treatment of comorbidities can have a significant positive effect on the prognosis and quality of life of patients. Of the drugs, β-adrenoreceptor blockers, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors, angiotensin II receptor blockers, and aldosterone receptor antagonists have been shown to be the most effective, and a neprilysin inhibitor has recently been introduced into therapy. Knowledge of the pharmacological characteristics of drugs allows careful titration of doses and combination of drugs to make therapy optimal (effective and safe) and individualized for each patient. Invasive methods of cardiac pacing have also been shown to be an effective approach for some patients. To achieve the target therapeutic outcomes, there is an importance in cooperation of all health system members, where pharmacists as the most available health care providers have significant role providing an adequate health care for early detection, treatment and prevention of heart failure, such as promoting and advising on non-pharmacological measures such as smoking cessation, moderate alcohol consumption, proper nutrition and sufficient physical activity.