Based on the review of data regarding the pathophysiology of atopic dermatitis, this research aims to evaluate the efficacy of using probiotics, omega-3 fatty acids, and vitamin D in prevention and treatment of this condition. Hypothetically, if omega-3 fatty acids, vitamin D, and probiotics are timely recommended to patients with atopic dermatitis and families planning a pregnancy but are predisposed to this disease - the symptoms of atopic dermatitis can be alleviated, the cost of treatment reduced, and in some cases, even the manifestation of the disease might be prevented. Material and methods The research was conducted electronically using digital books and journals, a bibliographic database (PubMed), a full-text database (Science Direct), and Cochrane Library. The data from clinical studies, meta-analyses, and review articles were thoroughly analysed and selected. Relevant items were studied analytically and critically regarding the definition of the role of probiotics, omega-3 fatty acids, and vitamin D in the treatment and prevention of atopic dermatitis. Results Omega-3 fatty acids, probiotics, and vitamin D supplementation open new avenues for safe and effective preventive measures in atopic dermatitis, although the results of the research are still ambiguous. Evidence from different research groups show that probiotics could have a positive effect on prevention of atopic dermatitis. Nevertheless, there is still a lack of evidence regarding multiple factors, like the type of probiotic used, timing of dosage, and duration of exposure to recommend probiotic use as a treatment for atopic dermatitis. The use of omega-3 fatty acids could provide a potential way to prevent allergic disorders. Studies conducted to date, indicate that supplementation with these preparations have a positive effect on children with AD, up to 1-year-olds. Likewise, omega-3 fatty acids consumption during pregnancy can decrease sensitization to common food allergens and can protect infants from developing atopic dermatitis during their first year of life. To confirm positive effects and address long-term outcomes, a larger randomized, placebo-controlled study should be conducted. It was found that serum Vitamin D levels and atopic dermatitis severity exhibited an inverse correlation, as reported in most published literature. Moreover, Vitamin D acts on immunity, the proliferation of skin keratinocytes, and the production of antimicrobial peptides in the skin. The research observed that people with atopic dermatitis have lower levels of Vitamin D than the general population. However, Vitamin D supplementation have not been well investigated, maybe due to lack of a well-established dose regimen demonstrating its benefits. Conclusion According to the results of clinical studies, supplementation of certain strains of probiotics in atopic dermatitis has a positive treatment effect. However, the level of evidence for the effectiveness of probiotics' use for the treatment and prevention of atopic dermatitis is still low. Therefore, there are currently no official recommendations on the use of probiotics in the treatment or prevention of atopic dermatitis. Supplementation with long-chain omega-3 fatty acids appear promising, although not fully examined as a preventative approach for atopic dermatitis. More randomized controlled intervention studies are required to establish the long-chain omega-3 fatty acid administration concept in a therapeutic setting. As reported in most published sources, serum vitamin D levels and the severity of atopic dermatitis exhibit an inverse correlation. Numerous studies have demonstrated that vitamin D supplementation can reduce the severity of atopic dermatitis and have confirmed that correcting vitamin D deficiency can improve the clinical development of atopic dermatitis by reducing immune responses, by its effect on skin keratinocyte proliferation, and by production of antimicrobial peptides in the skin. However, further studies with different vitamin D dosing regimens are needed to include vitamin D therapy in an official therapeutic setting of atopic dermatitis treatment.