Objectives: The aim of this research is to systematically review existing literature on targeted protein degradation (TPD) as a new therapeutic modality. The paper explains the molecular principles of TPD, discusses the development of degraders, and provides an overview of degraders in clinical trials. It explores various approaches to targeted protein degradation, including those that utilize the ubiquitin-proteasome system (proteolysis targeting chimeras (PROTACs), molecular glues, selective estrogen receptor degraders (SERDs), selective androgen receptor degraders (SARDs)) and the lysosomal pathway (lysosome targeting chimeras (LYTACs), antibody-based PROTACs (AbTACs), autophagy-targeting chimeras (AUTAC, ATTEC, and AUTOTAC, etc.). The thesis covers the advantages and disadvantages of TPD, the mechanism of action of degraders through ternary complex formation, degrader design, and optimization of pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of orally available degraders. Materials and methods: The thesis was written using original scientific and review articles, professional papers, and other scientific and professional literature in English containing information on TPD technology. The data was gathered by searching bibliographic databases such as PubMed and ScienceDirect, as well as the clinical trials database (clinicaltrials.gov). Results: The conducted research resulted in a systematic review of current knowledge about TPD. This thesis discusses different types of degrader molecules (PROTACs, molecular glues, destabilizing domains, and destabilizers – SERD and SARD, as well as degradation tags, LYTACs, AbTACs, AUTACs, ATTECs, AUTOTACs, chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA). Each type is described in detail, including their mechanisms of action, advantages, and disadvantages. The text provides a detailed explanation of the development of PROTACs, including ternary complex formation and cooperativity, design, synthesis, and biological evaluation. It also discusses the pharmacokinetic properties of PROTACs and their optimization. It provides lists and descriptions of PROTACs, molecular glues, and SERDs in active clinical trials. Conclusion: TPD is an innovative therapeutic strategy that has gained significant attention in the pharmaceutical industry and the academia in recent years. Currently, over 30 degraders are undergoing clinical trials. Successful Phase I and II trials have already demonstrated that PROTACs can be effectively optimized for human use. The emergence of degraders has opened up the possibility of targeting previously undruggable proteins, which holds great promise for the treatment of cancer, autoimmune and neurodegenerative diseases. It is anticipated that new clinical candidate degraders will emerge in the upcoming years, potentially leading to significant advancements in medicine.