Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a disease characterized by insufficient flow of air through the lungs wherein the exhalation is more difficult than the inhalation, and the expiratory phase of respiration is prolonged. In the pathogenesis of COPD, oxidative stress and inflammatory processes have an essential role due to chronic inflammation of the airways and destruction of parenchyma which leads to lost of alveolar connectivity and lung elasticity. The main symptoms of the patients suffering from COPD are dyspnea, chronic cough and chronic sputum production, the presence of COPD at the other family members and exposure to risk factors or harmful particles among which cigarette smoke plays a major role. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of extracellular rhHsp70 protein, LPS and LTA in the immune and inflammatory responses of NCI-H292 and THP-1 cell lines, and to find out which concentrations of rhHsp70 protein cause statistically significant increased secretion of proinflammatory cytokines IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α. Research showed that in NCI-H292 cells 0.3, 1 and 3 μg/mL rhHsp70 stimulates the secretion of IL-1α and IL-8, while 0.1, 0.3, 1, 3 and 30 μg/mL rhHsp70 provokes release of IL-6. Besides, our results have demonstrated increased release of IL-6 and IL-8 from NCI-H292 cells treated with LPS, and this secretion was stronger if compared with LTA treatment. On the other hand, in THP-1 cell line 10 and 30 μg/mL rhHsp70 caused increased concentrations of IL-1β and IL-8 in cell supernatants, but not of IL-1α, IL-6 or TNF-α. Also, the results showed that THP-1 cells treated with LPS or LTA release increased levels of all measured cytokines. Once again, LPS was stronger inducer of cytokines secretion than LTA.