Mechanisms of genome evolution are an interesting subject that is dealt with within biology by molecular evolution, especially interesting mechanisms of evolution is the phenomenon of polyploidy, an unusual adaptation mechanism that manifests itself in the survival of cells with an increased number of chromosomes compared to the case in the ancestral species/population. Polyploidy is known in many eukaryotes and prokaryotes, and it can be a feature of all cells or only certain tissues. From the appearance in wounded tissue and that which is under significant stress, to metabolically active tissues and gigantic limbs, and through the modification of members of eusocial communities; polyploidy plays a significant role in the development, adaptation and speciation of organisms. Phylogenetically, it is much more common in plants than in animals, and it is also much better studied in plants than in animals. Examples of the influence of polyploidy on rapid speciation and regulation of offspring ploidy in insects are the basic hypothesis of this research. In this work, I aim to artificially induce tetraploidy in queens of the honey bee (Apis mellifera Linnaeus, 1758), which might be able to parthenogenetically create workers, and triploids by fertilization. In addition to theoretical research, I conducted several experiments on the larvae and eggs of honey bees, ants and phasmids, where I treated the cells with the cytostatic colchicine. All bee offspring, treated or not, were killed by the workers. Working with bees was technically extremely demanding, and in order to obtain results, it was necessary to use breeding methods without the presence of workers. Treated progeny of ants and phasmids produced live individuals that did not show morphological differences from controls. From the conducted research, we can conclude that the induction of polyploidy in honey bees is not possible outside of laboratory conditions due to technical obstacles.