| Abstract | Uvjeti u okolišu su determinante za proizvodnju bioaktivnih spojeva u biljkama. Zbog
očiglednih ekstremnih klimatskih promjena, biljke su tijekom svog rasta i razvoja sve češće
izložene abiotskih stresovima poput poplava i suša, što u konačnici dovodi do njihove
metaboličke adaptacije. Cilj ovog diplomskog rada bio je usporediti nutritivni potencijal
klijanaca brokule uzgojenih u uvjetima viška i manjka vode u tlu na razini različitih skupina
fitokemikalija, te antioksidacijskog kapaciteta njihovih ekstrakata i sposobnosti inhibicije
glikacija proteina. U tu svrhu korištene su različite spektrofotometrijske metode, te metoda
tekućinske kromatografije visoke moći razlučivanja. Klijanci brokule u smislu prinosa, tj.
biomase bolje toleriraju poplavu u odnosu na sušu. Suša je uzrokovala povećanje udjela
ukupnih fenola, antocijana, kondenziranih tanina, topivih i reducirajućih šećera, klorofila b,
porfirina, feofitina b, sinapinske kiseline, vitamina C, antioksidacijskog kapaciteta određenog
metodom ABTS, te postotka inhibicije glikacije. S druge strane, poplava je povisila udio
ukupnih flavonoida, flavonola, intaktnih glukozinolata, ferulične kiseline, kvercetina,
kempferola, te utječe i na povišenje antioksidacijskog kapaciteta određenog metodama DPPH
te FRAP. Navedeni spojevi očigledno imaju značajnu ulogu u prilagodbi klijanaca brokule na
vodni stres. Osim navedenih, udjeli mnogih spojeva nisu se značajno promijenili bez obzira
radi li se o uvjetima suše ili poplave, primjerice ukupne hidroksicimetne kiseline, tanini,
klorofil a, feofitin a, karotenoidi te likopen. |
| Abstract (english) | Environmental conditions are determinants for the production of bioactive compounds in
plants. Due to the obvious extreme climate changes, abiotic stresses such as floods and droughts
are increasingly becoming important factors in growth and development of plants, which
ultimately leads to their metabolic adaptation. The aim of this thesis was to compare the
nutritional potential of broccoli seedlings grown in conditions of excess or lack of water in the
soil at the level of different groups of phytochemicals, the antioxidant capacity of their extracts
and the ability to inhibit protein glycation. For that reason, differenty spectrophotometric
methods and high performance liquid chromatography methods were used. In terms of yield,
i.e. biomass, broccoli seedlings tolerate flooding better than drought. Drought caused an
increase in the proportion of total phenols, anthocyanins, condensed tannins, soluble and
reducing sugars, chlorophyll b, porphyrin, pheophytin b, sinapic acid, vitamin C, antioxidant
capacity determined by the ABTS method, and the percentage of glycation inhibition. On the
other hand, the flood increased the proportion of total flavonoids, flavonols, intact
glucosinolates, ferulic acid, quercetin, kaempferol, and also the antioxidant capacity determined
by the DPPH and FRAP methods. The aforementioned compounds obviously play a significant
role in the adaptation of broccoli seedlings to water stress. Many of the compounds, except the
aforementioned ones, did not show any significant change regardless of drought or flood
conditions, for example total hydroxycinnamic acids, tannins, chlorophyll a, pheophytin a,
carotenoids and lycopene |
