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undergraduate thesis
Pokretni genetički elementi i stabilnost genoma
Zagreb: University of Zagreb, Faculty of Science, 2023. urn:nbn:hr:217:495098
Bertoncelj, Iris
University of Zagreb
Faculty of Science
Department of Biology

Institutional repository: Repository of the Faculty of Science

Cite this document

Bertoncelj, I. (2023). Pokretni genetički elementi i stabilnost genoma (Undergraduate thesis). Zagreb: University of Zagreb, Faculty of Science. Retrieved from https://urn.nsk.hr/urn:nbn:hr:217:495098

Bertoncelj, Iris. "Pokretni genetički elementi i stabilnost genoma." Undergraduate thesis, University of Zagreb, Faculty of Science, 2023. https://urn.nsk.hr/urn:nbn:hr:217:495098

Bertoncelj, Iris. "Pokretni genetički elementi i stabilnost genoma." Undergraduate thesis, University of Zagreb, Faculty of Science, 2023. https://urn.nsk.hr/urn:nbn:hr:217:495098

Bertoncelj, I. (2023). 'Pokretni genetički elementi i stabilnost genoma', Undergraduate thesis, University of Zagreb, Faculty of Science, accessed 25 November 2024, https://urn.nsk.hr/urn:nbn:hr:217:495098

Bertoncelj I. Pokretni genetički elementi i stabilnost genoma [Undergraduate thesis]. Zagreb: University of Zagreb, Faculty of Science; 2023 [cited 2024 November 25] Available at: https://urn.nsk.hr/urn:nbn:hr:217:495098

I. Bertoncelj, "Pokretni genetički elementi i stabilnost genoma", Undergraduate thesis, University of Zagreb, Faculty of Science, Zagreb, 2023. Available at: https://urn.nsk.hr/urn:nbn:hr:217:495098

Metadata
TitlePokretni genetički elementi i stabilnost genoma
Title (english)Transposable genetic elements and genome stability
AuthorIris Bertoncelj
MentorVišnja Besendorfer (mentor)
GranterUniversity of Zagreb
Faculty of Science
(Department of Biology)
Zagreb
Defense date and country2023-09-12, Croatia
Scientific / art field,
discipline and subdiscipline		NATURAL SCIENCES
Biology
Abstract
Pokretni genetički elementi široko su rasprostranjeni u genomu i utječu na njegovu stabilnost. Transpozoni LINE-1, Alu i SVA su aktivni i mogu se pokretati, dok su ostali transpozoni prisutni u genomu inaktivni. Transpozoni su najčešće utišani pomoću metilacije molekule DNA, histonskih modifikacija i malih molekula RNA. Pokretni genetički elementi mogu negativno utjecati na stabilnost genoma na različite načine. Mogu uzrokovati greške prilikom popravka dvolančanih lomova, insercijom inaktivirati gene te uzrokovati delecije, duplikacije i kromosomske rearanžmane. Također mogu u genom uvesti alternativne promotore, pojačivače i mjesta prekrajanja te tako utjecati na ekspresiju gena. Izvor su mikrosatelita. Prisutnost transpozona u genomu može dovesti do epigenetičkog utišavanja susjednih gena. Pokretni genetički elementi povezani su s velikim brojem bolesti, uključujući genetičke poremećaje te različite tipove raka. Međutim, točni mehanizmi kojima transpozoni uzrokuju bolesti većinom nisu poznati te su stoga potrebna daljnja istraživanja na ovom području.
Abstract (english)
Transposable elements are widely distributed in the genome and affect its stability. LINE-1, Alu, and SVA elements are active and capable of mobilization, while other transposons present in the genome are inactive. Transposons are normally silenced by DNA methylation, histone modifications and small RNAs. Transposable genetic elements can negatively affect genome stability in different ways. They can disrupt double-strand break repair, inactivate genes via insertion and cause deletions, duplications and chromosome rearrangements. Additionally, they can affect gene expression by introducing alternative promoters, enhancers and splice sites. They are a source of microsatellites. The presence of transposons in the genome can result in epigenetic silencing of neighboring genes. Transposable genetic elements are associated with a large number of diseases, including genetic disorders and various types of cancer. However, the precise mechanisms by which transposons cause diseases are largely unknown. Therefore, further research in this area is required.
Keywords
Keywords (english)
Languagecroatian
URN:NBNurn:nbn:hr:217:495098
Study programmeTitle: Molecular Biology
Study programme type: university
Study level: undergraduate
Academic / professional title: sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) molekularne biologije (sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) molekularne biologije)
Type of resourceText
File originBorn digital
Access conditionsOpen access
Terms of useLicence In copyright icon
Created on2023-09-19 11:15:41