The coralligenous community represents the second most important hot spot in the Mediterranean after the seagrass meadows of Posidonia oceanica. The coralligenous biocenosis got its name after encrusting red algae from the family Corallinaceae that build up coralligenous concretions. The main building algal species are Mesophyllum lichenoides and Lithophyllum stictaeforme. Until today information on the coralligenous algae in the eastern Adriatic Sea has been scarce. Helena Gamulin Brida conducted the first bionomical studies in the 1960s and together with more recent studies during the last century there is now more information about the distribution and biodiversity of the coralligenous in the eastern Adriatic. The main objective of this study was to make a list of benthic algae and determine their distribution in the coralligenous in 21 locations of the eastern Adriatic; to determine the variability among these locations and the vertical gradient; as well as to determine the condition of the coralligenous in relation to the possible effects of climate change. Of the 79 identified species of macroalgae, red algae were found to be the most frequent. The most common bioconstructors of the coralligenous in the eastern Adriatic were red algae: Lithophyllum stictaeforme, L. incrustans, Mesophyllum alternans, M. lichenoides, Peyssonnelia rubra, P. squamaria and P. polymorpha. Variability in the structure of macroalgae was significant among the investigated locations. The biggest similarity regarding algal species was found among the locations in the Mljet National Park. Shallower and deeper communities did not differ much based on algal species. The most common algae at 40 meters of depth were Cladophora sp., Mesophyllum alternans, Lithophyllum incrustans and Peyssonnelia rubra while at 20 meters the most common were all the algae found at 40 meters except of P. squamaria was found instead of P. rubra. From the investigated photographed quadrats of this study, diseases of coralline algae were also noticed, which could be indicative of the effects of global climate change. The results of this study will be used for further research and monitoring of the coralligenous community in the eastern Adriatic Sea.