The progress of biotechnology has led to a simple synthesis of short oligonucleotides of the desired sequence in DNA synthesizers. Many methods have been developed to assemble them into larger fragments, even to complete synthetic genomes. Although standard assembly methods based on restriction enzymes and ligases have been used for a long time, they are limited for today’s purposes. Such method, BioBrick assembly is widely applied thanks to modifications. Currently developed are modern methods which do not require restriction enzymes, but are based on overlapping homologous ends. Specific exonucleases, polymerases and ligases are capable of processing such sequences and assembling them into larger DNA fragments. Examples of such methods are In-Fusion and Gibson Assembly. Mentioned methods are used in studying the structure and function of the genome, as well as the possibilities of improving the methods themselves. So far, the most prominent genome synthesis project is synthetic genome Synthia, where researchers created a bacterial cell completely controlled by chemically synthesized genome. Further research has provided many insights into the nature of genomes and the potential for their modification. Current project The Genome Project - Write explores possibilities for synthesis of larger eukaryotic genomes. Up to now, the most significant successes have been achieved with the yeast synthetic genome, and further plans emphasize the synthesis of the human genome.