In this thesis we studied different methods of impregnating nanoparticles into polymers. This research was prompted by a desire to find a more efficient way of impregnating nanoparticles into polymers because of their diverse and very useful impact. Nanoparticles by themselves alter the optical, physical and chemical properties of polymers and change the angle of wettability, absorption efficiency, surface microbial properties, functionality etc. On the other hand, the atmospheric pressure plasma treatment of polymers increases effective surface roughness, which makes polymers more hydrophilic, and so the effective surface that participates in the impregnation of nanoparticles increases. The assumption is that in combining the two processes we will achieve the desired results and increase the efficiency of the impregnation of nanoparticles into polymers. In order to impregnate nanoparticles, first synthesised them through laser ablation in liquid. Some of the obtained colloidal solutions of nanoparticles were analysed using a spectrophotometer to assess the absorbancy spectrum. We were interested in the angle of wettability and we measured the contact angles of polymers for a variety of liquids (deionised water, a colloidal solution of silver, gold and aluminum) which provided us with information on the hydrophobicity of the polymer itself. In the process of the synthesis of nanoparticles by laser ablation in liquid, we aquired optical emission spectra of the plasma generated by the interaction of the laser beam and the target. By comparing the spectrum of laser ablation targets in the air with Planck's black body radiation curves, we determined the temperature of the target. Unlike the spectra of laser ablation in air, that along the continuum has highly expressed emission lines of atoms and ions, spectra of laser ablation in a liquid are predominantly continuous. These spectra indicate that the colloidal solution of nanoparticles obtained by laser ablation in a liquid, are predominant by nanoparticle agglomerates and not individual atoms and ions. Optical emission spectra were also recorded during the process of treatment the polymers with an atmospheric pressure plasma jet. In this case, with a few atomic lines, we detected molecular bands of nitrogen and lines of nitrogen molecular ion. The spectra did not show a big difference between the plasma jet in air and plasma jet in interaction with the polymer. The samples were impregnated by nanoparticles using multiple methods. As a control, we used spin coating because it is the most common method of impregnating nanoparticles. In this method, a sample was pretreated by a plasma jet to study the difference due to the influence of plasma. It was found that the samples which were pretreated by plasma jet were easier impregnated with nanoparticles. Another method we used was drop coating. After evaporating the solvent, only nanoparticles should remain. The third impregnation method that was used was treating the larger amount of colloidal solution on polymer by the plasma jet until the liquid from the solution evaporated. The resulting samples were analysed by AFM, SEM and EDS. The results showed that the most effective method of polymer impregnation by nanoparticles is the third mentioned method. These samples show the greatest roughness and the highest number of nanoparticles. The methodical part of the thesis covers ‘Optical line spectra’ for the fourth year of high school. In this unit the aim was to acquaint students with the concept of the optical spectrum, particulary the line spectrum. Students will learn the difference between the continuous, emission and absorption optical spectrums and what light sources give these spectra.