| Abstract | Natporodica Hominoidea danas okuplja pet živućih skupina: giboni, orangutani, gorile, panini te čovjek. Nastali su na granici oligocena i miocena koji je vrijeme njihovih divergencija. Rod Proconsul jest ishodišna skupina, iako neki smatraju da bi to mogao biti i Aegyptopitecus, a daljnji nastavak divergencija u Africi odvija se putem rodova Afropithecus, Morotopithecus i Kenyapithecus. Emigriraju iz istočne Afrike u Euroaziju gdje se dalje razvijaju, a neki predstavnici su: Pliopithecus, Dryopithecus, Sivapithecus, Lufengpithecus, Pierolapithecus, Ankarapithecus, Oreopithecus, Gigantopithecus te Ouranopithecus. Gibon i orangutan se odvajaju prije 14,9 odnosno 11,3 mil. g. u Aziji. Na afričkom kontinentu se razdvajaju gorila i panini prije oko 6,4 ± 1,5 mil. g., a panini i hominidi prije oko 7 mil. g.. Prvi hominidi jesu Sahelanthropus tchadensis i Orrorin turgensis. Cilj ovog seminara bio je pokušat rekonstruirati filetičke odnose među spomenutim rodovima. Rješenja dobrim dijelom postoje i djelomično su jasna, no sigurno je da će sporne divergencije biti predmet daljnjih rasprava i istraživanja. |
| Abstract (english) | The Hominoidea superfamiliy today includes five living representatives: gibbons, orangutans, gorillas, chimpanzees and humans. They emerged at the Oligocene-Miocene boundary and Miocene is the time of their divergence. The Proconsul group is considered to be the initial group, although some researchers think it might be Aegyptopitecus. Further divergence in Africa continues through Afropithecus, Morotopithecus and Kenyapithecus emigrating from Eastern Africa to Eurasia, where they further developed. Some representatives are: Pliopithecus, Dryopithecus, Sivapithecus, Lufengpithecus, Pierolapithecus, Ankarapithecus, Oreopithecus, Gigantopithecus and Ouranopithecu. Gibbons and orangutans separated in Asia 14,9 and 11,3 million years ago respectively. Gorillas and chimpanzees separated in Africa approximately 6,4 ± 1,5 million years ago and humans and chimpanzees 7 million years ago. Sahelanthropus chadensis and Orrorin turgensis were the first hominids who lived during and after the disputable chimpanzee - human divergence. The aim of this paper was to try to reconstruct phyletic relationships among the mentioned representatives. Although there is a great deal of partially clear solutions familiar to us today the disputable divergences are most certainly going to be the object of further discussions and researches. |
