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undergraduate thesis
Veza između debljine i bakterija
Zagreb: University of Zagreb, Faculty of Science, 2012. urn:nbn:hr:217:182644
Šerić, Martina
University of Zagreb
Faculty of Science
Department of Biology

Institutional repository: Repository of the Faculty of Science

Cite this document

Šerić, M. (2012). Veza između debljine i bakterija (Undergraduate thesis). Zagreb: University of Zagreb, Faculty of Science. Retrieved from https://urn.nsk.hr/urn:nbn:hr:217:182644

Šerić, Martina. "Veza između debljine i bakterija." Undergraduate thesis, University of Zagreb, Faculty of Science, 2012. https://urn.nsk.hr/urn:nbn:hr:217:182644

Šerić, Martina. "Veza između debljine i bakterija." Undergraduate thesis, University of Zagreb, Faculty of Science, 2012. https://urn.nsk.hr/urn:nbn:hr:217:182644

Šerić, M. (2012). 'Veza između debljine i bakterija', Undergraduate thesis, University of Zagreb, Faculty of Science, accessed 03 October 2024, https://urn.nsk.hr/urn:nbn:hr:217:182644

Šerić M. Veza između debljine i bakterija [Undergraduate thesis]. Zagreb: University of Zagreb, Faculty of Science; 2012 [cited 2024 October 03] Available at: https://urn.nsk.hr/urn:nbn:hr:217:182644

M. Šerić, "Veza između debljine i bakterija", Undergraduate thesis, University of Zagreb, Faculty of Science, Zagreb, 2012. Available at: https://urn.nsk.hr/urn:nbn:hr:217:182644

Metadata
TitleVeza između debljine i bakterija
Title (english)Obesity related to bacteria
AuthorMartina Šerić
MentorIvana Ivančić Baće (mentor)
GranterUniversity of Zagreb
Faculty of Science
(Department of Biology)
Zagreb
Defense date and country2012, Croatia
Scientific / art field,
discipline and subdiscipline		NATURAL SCIENCES
Biology
Abstract
Metabolički sindrom je niz povezanih poremećaja koji dovode do razvoja dijabetesa i kardiovaskularnih bolesti. Usko je povezan s pretilošću, smanjenom fizičkom aktivnošću i inzulinskom rezistencijom. U zadnje vrijeme smatra se da crijevne bakterije pridonose razvoju pretilosti i ostalim aspektima metaboličkog sindroma. U debelom crijevu čovjeka nalazi se mnoštvo različitih bakterija koje sudjeluju u sintezi esencijalnih aminokiselina i vitamina, te razgrađuju različite polisaharide koji su nama neprobavljivi. Među ljudima postoje razlike u sastavu crijevnih bakterija. Prema dominantnim rodovima izdvojena su 3 enterotipa: Bacteroides, Prevotella i Ruminococcus. Istraživanja provedena na miševima i ljudima pokazala su da se crijevne bakterijske zajednice pretilih i mršavih pojedinaca razlikuju u zastupljenosti bakterijskih koljena Firmicutes i Bacteroidetes. Kod pretilih pojedinaca smanjena je raznolikost vrsta crijevnih bakterija. U njih dominira koljeno Firmicutes, ali sa smanjenjem tjelesne mase povećava se zastupljenost koljena Bacteroidetes. Genotip domaćina utječe na sastav crijevnih bakterija, a njihova efikasnost u ekstrahiranju energije iz hrane utječe na predispoziciju za razvoj pretilosti. Drugačiji pristup problemu naglašava ulogu interakcije urođenog imunološkog sustava sa crijevnim bakterijama u razvoju pretilosti. Gubitak TLR5 receptora koji se nalazi na stanicama urođene imunosti i prepoznaje bakterijski flagelin, u miševa uzrokuje promjene u sastavu crijevnih bakterija. To dovodi do stanja blage upale (povećava se količina proupalnih citokina u masnom tkivu) i smanjuje osjetljivost inzulinskih receptora. Rezultat je prekomjerni apetit što potiče pojavu ostalih simptoma metaboličkog sindroma. Pretilost je izravna posljedica prekomjernog unosa energije u odnosu na potrošnju. Međutim, istraživanja ukazuju da interakcija između domaćina i njegovih crijevnih bakterija ipak može utjecati na razvoj metaboličkog sindroma.
Abstract (english)
Metabolic syndrome is a group of related disorders that lead to the development of diabetes and cardiovascular disease. It is related to obesity, physical inactivity and insulin resistance. Lately, it is considered that gut bacteria contribute to development of obesity and other aspects of metabolic syndrome. There are numerous bacteria in human distal gut that synthesize essential amino acids and vitamins, and contribute to degradation of otherwise indigestible polysaccharides. Composition of gut bacteria differs between humans. They are divided into three enterotypes named after the dominant genus: Bacteroides, Prevotella and Ruminococcus. Studies on mice and humans have shown that there are differences in abundance of Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes between gut bacteria of obese and lean individuals. Obese individuals have less diverse gut bacterial species. They have more Firmicutes, but as they lose weight, abundance of Bacteroidetes increases. Host genotype affects gut bacterial composition, and their efficiency of extracting energy from food contributes to development of obesity. A different approach emphasizes the role of interaction between innate immune system and gut bacteria in development of obesity. Loss of TLR5, a receptor found on innate imunnity cells that recognizes bacterial flagellin, causes change of gut bacterial composition in mice. That leads to low-grade inflammation (the amount of proinflammatory cytokines in adipose tissue increases) and insulin receptor desensitization. That results in hyperphagia, which contributes to development of other metabolic syndrome symptoms. Obesity is directly caused by surplus of energy consumption over expenditure. However, studies show that interaction between host and his gut bacteria can affect the development of metabolic syndrome.
Keywords
Keywords (english)
Languagecroatian
URN:NBNurn:nbn:hr:217:182644
Study programmeTitle: Molecular Biology
Study programme type: university
Study level: undergraduate
Academic / professional title: sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) molekularne biologije (sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) molekularne biologije)
Type of resourceText
File originBorn digital
Access conditionsOpen access
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Created on2018-04-18 12:53:12