| Abstract | Plazma je parcijalno ionizirani plin kojeg čine ioni, elektroni i nenabijene čestice. Razlikujemo dva tipa plazmi - termalnu i hladnu plazmu. Atmosferski plazmeni mlazovi hladni su tip plazmi, temperature 30-50 °C. Kemijski reaktivnima ih čini stvaranje radikala (O, O3, H2O2, itd.) i UV svjetla u mlazu i području oko mlaza, što omogućuje inaktivaciju širokog spektra mikroorganizama. Tretman hladnim atmosferskim plazmenim mlazom ne predstavlja opasnost za zdravlje ljudi niti okoliš jer su svi plazmeni radikali kratkoživući i djeluju lokalno na mjestu primjene, a uz to je i ekonomski isplativ.
U stomatologiji, konvencionalne metode liječenja i prevencije oralnih bolesti (pranje zuba, antibiotici i drugi lijekovi, mehaničko bušenje itd.) su ograničene i mogu dovesti do neželjenih nuspojava, a metode koje uključuju zagrijavanje živih tkiva su opasne. Hladne atmosferske plazme pokazale su se manje destruktivnim tretmanom jer, zahvaljujući niskim temperaturama, ne dolazi do uništavanja zdravog tkiva i uzrokovanja boli, a učinkovite su u ubijanju bakterija.
U prehrambenoj industriji postojeće metode dezinfekcije i sterilizacije namirnica i ambalaža bazirane su uglavnom na letalnom djelovanju visokih temperatura na patogene što ograničava njihovu primjenu, a ne-termalne metode većinom su ekonomski neisplativije, opasnije po ljudsko zdravlje i okoliš te mogu negativno utjecati na kvalitetu namirnica. Tretman hladnom atmosferskom plazmom stoga se nudi kao nova i obećavajuća alternativa antimikrobnog tretmana prehrambenih proizvoda.
U konzervatorsko-restauratorskoj struci dezinfekcija umjetnina najčešće se vrši kemijskim sredstvima, plinovima ili γ-zračenjem, a većina tretmana štetna je za ljudsko zdravlje i okoliš te ekonomski neisplativa pa se potiče razvoj metoda tretiranja umjetnina hladnim atmosferskim plazmenim mlazovima. |
| Abstract (english) | Plasma is a partially ionized gas with ions, electrons and uncharged particles. There are two types of plasma: thermal and cold atmospheric plasma. Cold atmospheric pressure plasma jet is type of cold plasma with temperatures between 30-50 °C. Radicals (O, O3, H2O2, etc.) and UV light in jet and area around the jet make them chemically reactive and enable inactivation of a wide spectrum of microorganisms. Treatment with a cold atmospheric plasma jet isn't harmful for human health and environment because all plasma radicals are short-living and act locally at the site of application, and it is financially acceptable.
In dentistry, conventional treatments and prevention of oral disease (teeth brushing, antibiotics and other medicines, mechanical drilling etc.) have limitations and may lead to unwanted side effects. Methods that include heating of living tissues are dangerous. Cold atmospheric plasmas have been shown to be less destructive treatment and, because of their low temperatures they don't cause destruction of healthy tissue or pain and are highly efficient at killing bacteria.
In the food industry, the existing disinfection and sterilization methods of food and packaging are based mainly on lethal effects of high temperature on pathogens, limiting their use, and non-thermal methods are mostly costly, more dangerous for human health and the environment and can adversely affect the quality of food. Cold atmospheric plasma treatment is therefore offered as a new and promising alternative for antimicrobial treatment of food products.
In conservation/restoration, disinfection of artwork is mostly performed by chemicals, gasses or gamma radiation. Current methods are costly and often dangerous for human health and the environment so it is desireable to devolp treatments with cold atmospheric pressure plasma jets. |
