Inhaled anesthetics are normally considered non-active, but under appropriate conditions, they are metabolized in reactive free radicals and reacting with cellular parts, causing damage. In the brain, iron plays an important role in the production of myelin, metabolism of monoamine transmitters and GABA synthesis. On the other hand, the accumulation of iron in the brain changes brain cell metabolism and leads to increased oxidative stress and neurodegeneration. Aim of this study was to investigate the possible antioxidant/prooxidative effect of isoflurane and Fe-dextran, as well as their combined interaction on the rat brain tissue samples: a) evaluation of the neuro-inflammation, by measuring the relative weight of the brain compared to a healthy control group; b) changes in the oxido-reduction status by measuring the level of malondialdehyde (MDA, end product of lipid peroxidation) and glutathione (GSH), activity of catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD); c) analyzing changes in haematological parameters and osmotic fragility of erythrocytes. Results indicate that isoflurane causes oxidative stress in the brain, while its combination with Fe-dextran has neuroprotective action. Fe-dextran causes increased lipid peroxidation and neuro-inflamattion. Isoflurane and its combined usage with Fe-dextran causes increased levels of erythrocyte and decreased of all hematological parameters, while alone Fe-dextran causes decreased of all hematological parameters.