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undergraduate thesis
Molekularni mehanizmi starenja mozga
Zagreb: University of Zagreb, Faculty of Science, 2019. urn:nbn:hr:217:698804
Slišković, Irena
University of Zagreb
Faculty of Science
Department of Biology

Institutional repository: Repository of the Faculty of Science

Cite this document

Slišković, I. (2019). Molekularni mehanizmi starenja mozga (Undergraduate thesis). Zagreb: University of Zagreb, Faculty of Science. Retrieved from https://urn.nsk.hr/urn:nbn:hr:217:698804

Slišković, Irena. "Molekularni mehanizmi starenja mozga." Undergraduate thesis, University of Zagreb, Faculty of Science, 2019. https://urn.nsk.hr/urn:nbn:hr:217:698804

Slišković, Irena. "Molekularni mehanizmi starenja mozga." Undergraduate thesis, University of Zagreb, Faculty of Science, 2019. https://urn.nsk.hr/urn:nbn:hr:217:698804

Slišković, I. (2019). 'Molekularni mehanizmi starenja mozga', Undergraduate thesis, University of Zagreb, Faculty of Science, accessed 15 May 2024, https://urn.nsk.hr/urn:nbn:hr:217:698804

Slišković I. Molekularni mehanizmi starenja mozga [Undergraduate thesis]. Zagreb: University of Zagreb, Faculty of Science; 2019 [cited 2024 May 15] Available at: https://urn.nsk.hr/urn:nbn:hr:217:698804

I. Slišković, "Molekularni mehanizmi starenja mozga", Undergraduate thesis, University of Zagreb, Faculty of Science, Zagreb, 2019. Available at: https://urn.nsk.hr/urn:nbn:hr:217:698804

Metadata
TitleMolekularni mehanizmi starenja mozga
Title (english)Molecular mechanisms of brain ageing
AuthorIrena Slišković
MentorDubravka Hranilović (mentor)
GranterUniversity of Zagreb
Faculty of Science
(Department of Biology)
Zagreb
Defense date and country2019, Croatia
Scientific / art field,
discipline and subdiscipline		NATURAL SCIENCES
Biology
Abstract
Starenje je multifaktorijalni proces koji je pod utjecajem kumulativnih fizioloških promjena. One su rezultat stohastičnih procesa i genetskih promjena koje zajedno mijenjaju homeostazu organizma. Starenje pogađa sve organske sustave, pa tako i živčani sustav koji, zbog specifičnosti svoje stanične građe, ima dodatne mehanizme koji doprinose starenju. Kao i u periferiji, dolazi do akumulacije reaktivnih kisikovih spojeva i disfunkcije mitohondrija što dovodi do nakupljanja oštećenih staničnih komponenti i smanjivanja proizvodnje energije. To rezultira smanjenom funkcionalnošću stanica. Uz to, dolazi do mutacija i promijenjene genetičke ekspresije što dovodi do mijenjanja staničnih signalnih puteva, zbog čega dolazi do promjena u staničnoj morfologiji i funkcionalnosti. Promjene u neurotransmiterskom signaliziranju, disregulacija kalcija te promijenjena ekspresija ionskih kanala dovode do promjena u provođenju signala, smanjenoj plastičnosti sinapsa i neurona. Smanjenje neurotrofnih faktora dovodi do smanjene neurogeneze, smanjenog nicanja dendritnih nastavaka i dendrita. To dovodi do smanjenog volumena mozga. Svi ovi faktori dovode do promjena koje možemo uočiti kod osoba starije životne dobi poput smanjenja kognitivnih sposobnosti, u što ubrajamo gubitak pamćenja i smanjenje sposobnosti učenja, kao i promjene u raspoloženju i ponašanju. Sve te promjene se događaju kod normalnog starenja, ali se puno jači, slični simptomi javljaju kod osoba oboljelih od neurodegenerativnih bolesti. No, životnim stilom i promjenama u prehrani može se utjecati da se ublaže simptomi neuralnog starenja.
Abstract (english)
Aging is a multifactor process induced by cumulative physiological changes that are a result of stochastic processes and differentiation in genetic expression which result in an altered homeostasis. Therefore, it affects all organ systems, as well as the neurological system which has other, specific, age-related mechanisms that are unique to the aging brain. As well as in the periphery, there is a rise in reactive oxygen species which leads to mitochondrial dysfunction. Also, damaged cellular compartments accumulate and energy production is decreased which results in decreased cellular functionality. Furthermore, mutations and altered genetic expression results in altered signalling pathways which consequentially ends up in different cellular morphology and functionality. Changes in neurotransmitter signalling, calcium dysgulation and expression of ion channels leads to signal transmission disruptions and decreased synaptic plasticity. Furthermore, decrease in neurotrophic factors results in decreased neurogenesis, smaller amount of dendrites and dendritic projections which affects the brain volume. All these factors are a direct cause of the age-related physical changes such as decreased cognitive abilities, alternations in mood and behaviour. These symptoms are observed in normal aging as well as in neurodegenerative diseases, but in a more fatal form. Nonetheless, with our lifestyle and dietary restriction we can influence the onset and the magnitude of the symptoms of neural aging.
Keywords
Languagecroatian
URN:NBNurn:nbn:hr:217:698804
Study programmeTitle: Molecular Biology
Study programme type: university
Study level: undergraduate
Academic / professional title: sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) molekularne biologije (sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) molekularne biologije)
Type of resourceText
File originBorn digital
Access conditionsOpen access
Terms of useLicence In copyright icon
Created on2019-09-26 07:33:16