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undergraduate thesis
Fiziologija ronjenja morskih sisavaca
Zagreb: University of Zagreb, Faculty of Science, 2019. urn:nbn:hr:217:653013
Hrelja, Kristina
University of Zagreb
Faculty of Science
Department of Biology

Institutional repository: Repository of the Faculty of Science

Cite this document

Hrelja, K. (2019). Fiziologija ronjenja morskih sisavaca (Undergraduate thesis). Zagreb: University of Zagreb, Faculty of Science. Retrieved from https://urn.nsk.hr/urn:nbn:hr:217:653013

Hrelja, Kristina. "Fiziologija ronjenja morskih sisavaca." Undergraduate thesis, University of Zagreb, Faculty of Science, 2019. https://urn.nsk.hr/urn:nbn:hr:217:653013

Hrelja, Kristina. "Fiziologija ronjenja morskih sisavaca." Undergraduate thesis, University of Zagreb, Faculty of Science, 2019. https://urn.nsk.hr/urn:nbn:hr:217:653013

Hrelja, K. (2019). 'Fiziologija ronjenja morskih sisavaca', Undergraduate thesis, University of Zagreb, Faculty of Science, accessed 22 November 2024, https://urn.nsk.hr/urn:nbn:hr:217:653013

Hrelja K. Fiziologija ronjenja morskih sisavaca [Undergraduate thesis]. Zagreb: University of Zagreb, Faculty of Science; 2019 [cited 2024 November 22] Available at: https://urn.nsk.hr/urn:nbn:hr:217:653013

K. Hrelja, "Fiziologija ronjenja morskih sisavaca", Undergraduate thesis, University of Zagreb, Faculty of Science, Zagreb, 2019. Available at: https://urn.nsk.hr/urn:nbn:hr:217:653013

Metadata
TitleFiziologija ronjenja morskih sisavaca
Title (english)Diving physiology of marine mammals
AuthorKristina Hrelja
MentorZoran Tadić (mentor)
GranterUniversity of Zagreb
Faculty of Science
(Department of Biology)
Zagreb
Defense date and country2019-07-05, Croatia
Scientific / art field,
discipline and subdiscipline		NATURAL SCIENCES
Biology
Abstract
Morski sisavci uključuju tri reda: Carnivora (tu spada podred Pinnipedia), Cetacea i Sirenia. Oni imaju jednake karakteristike kao i svi ostali sisavci, ali za razliku od njih imaju brojne prilagodbe koje im omogućuju da provedu duge periode ispod površine vode. Kod nekih vrsta zabilježeni su zaroni u trajanju od čak dva sata. Tijekom rutinskih zarona u tijelu životinje odvija se aerobni metabolizam te se održava homeostazu u organizmu. To je vrlo važno, budući da neke vrste provedu cijeli život u moru izlazeći na površinu samo kako bi udahnuli zrak i napunili zalihe kisika u tijelu. Naime, oni mogu skladištiti veliku količinu kisika u tijelu, a glavna spremišta su im pluća, krv i mišići. Jedinstvene fiziološke prilagodbe tijekom zarona omogućuju im da optimalno iskoriste kisik koji im je na raspolaganju. Ubrzo nakon što zarone značajno im se uspore otkucaji srca, smanji se propusnost krvnih žila na periferiji, te dolazi do lokalne hipotermije. Razina metabolizma tijekom zarona je gotovo jednaka kao tijekom mirovanja. Tome, osim fizioloških promjena, značajno doprinosi određen način kretanja uz minimalni utrošak energije. Nadalje mišići su građom prilagođeni prvenstveno na aerobni metabolizam, no imaju i veliki aerobni kapacitet. Također, sposobni su tolerirati anoksične uvijete koji se stvaraju u organizmu kod duljih zarona.
Abstract (english)
Marine mammals include three orders: Carnivora (with the suborder Pinnipedia), Cetacea and Sirenia. They have the same characteristics as all other mammals, but they have many adaptations that allow them to prolong their diving period. Some species can even stay submerged for about 2 hours. Both homeostasis and aerobic metabolism are maintained during routine dives, which is very important, having in mind that some species spend their whole life in the ocean. All marine mammals breath with their lungs hence must occasionally come to the surface to breathe. In contrast to land mammals, they can store huge amounts of oxygen in their lungs, blood, and muscles. In addition, these animals exhibit profound physiological changes during diving. Their heartbeat slows down significantly and peripheral tissue perfusion decreases which leads to local hypothermia. Metabolism rate during a dive is almost the same as during rest. This is accomplished by using low-cost movement patterns together with previously mentioned physiological changes. Furthermore, their muscles are adapted to aerobic activity but also have a great anaerobic capacity. They also have various mechanisms for tolerating hypoxic conditions in their tissues.
Keywords
Languagecroatian
URN:NBNurn:nbn:hr:217:653013
Study programmeTitle: Ecology
Study programme type: university
Study level: undergraduate
Academic / professional title: sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) biologije (sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) biologije)
Type of resourceText
File originBorn digital
Access conditionsOpen access
Terms of useLicence In copyright icon
Created on2019-12-02 13:48:32